When finished with test Vocabulary: Estate Relics of feudalism Bourgeoisie Sans-culottes Faction Elector Coup d'état Consulate Nationalism

Warm up Why do we pay taxes? (Please write a response and be ready to answer if I call on you!)

Taxes pay for the government (Teachers, police, firefighters, Mayors, Roads, Public buildings)

Chapter 18 The French Revolution and Napoleon

Section 1 The French Revolution Begins

1789 – Important Year The Constitution of the United States ratified The beginning of the French revolution Causes –Sharp class divide –Absolutist monarchy –Economic crisis

The Three Estates First Estate Clergy 130,000 people Exempt from the taille (tax)

The Three Estates The Second Estate The Nobility 350,000 people Powerful positions in church, government, military Exempt from taille (tax)

The Three Estates The Third Estate Largest estate Majority were peasants Skilled people – craftsmen, shopkeepers Bourgeoisie – merchants, bankers, industrialists, lawyers, doctors

Beginning of Revolution The Estates-General The National Assembly Tennis Court Oath, June 1789 July 14, 1789 – The Storming of the Bastille –(Pg. 546)

The Declaration of the Rights of Man August 26, 1789 – adopted by National Assembly Ended exemption from taxes Freedom of religion, press and equal rights

The King’s Reaction Louis XVI Hiding in Versailles for most early revolution Brought back to Paris by angry Parisian women Comes back to Paris with flour for hungry

Europe’s Response Prussia and Austria threaten to invade France declares war in 1792 The Paris Commune - radical The sans-culottes

Radical Revolution and Reaction Section 2

What to do with the King? The Girondins The Mountains The Jacobins Louis XVI is beheaded, 1793

Leaders of the Radical Revolution Georges Danton - Minister of Justice Jean Paul Marat - author Maximilian Robspierre – Head of the Committee of Public Safety

The Reign of Terror Revolutionary Courts Approximately 40,000 executed/16,000 by guillotine The Republic of Virtue “Citizens” De-Christianization Subsides after death of Robespierre

The Directory National Convention reduces power of the Committee on Public Safety Established Constitution of 1795 Council of 5, the Directory, Chosen to lead France as executives Corrupt and relied on military power – coup d’etat – Napoleon comes to power.

The Age of Napoleon Section 3

Napoleon Bonaparte Born in Corsica, 1769 Distinguished military career General French army Helped in the coup d’etat to overthrow the Directory Consulate for Life, 1802 Crowned Emperor in 1804

The Napoleonic Code PROS Single code of law, replaced 300 individual systems Right to choose an occupation Equality before law Religious tolerance Abolition of Serfdom/Feudalism CONS Outlawed trade unions and strikes Took away right of divorce from women Women were “less equal” than men Censorship

Napoleon’s Bureaucracy Highly centralized government Promotions on ability, not name or birth Creation of new noble class Absolutist state

Trafalgar Continental System Napoleon wants to attack England British navy engages French and Spanish ships, at Trafalgar, 1805 Admiral Nelson French and Spanish defeated

Napoleon Invades Russia June ,000 French soldiers enter Russia Retreating Russian troops destroyed anything that could aide Napoleon Moscow “The Great Retreat” Napoleon loses over 560,000 men in this campaign

Exiled to Elba Empire collapses Napoleon is captured Exiled in 1814 Bourbon monarchy briefly restored Returns in March 1815.

Waterloo Duke of Wellington June 18, 1815 Napoleon exiled to St. Helena Dies in solitude

Napoleon Bonaparte Positive Changes Equality with one law code Brought peace to France at first Great General Negative policies Military mistakes Become tyrant Over confident Started war with other countries

Map Directions! Pg. 567 Label (Color) the French empire, Dependent states, States Allied with Napoleon, States Allied Against Napoleon Countries to label – Spain, United Kingdom, Russia, Portugal, Sweden, Austria, and Prussia Cities to Label – Paris, Madrid, Rome, Moscow Label, North, Baltic, Mediterranean, and Black seas On the back of the map Geography skills #1-2