1. Ch. 23 Notes The French Revolution and Napoleon (1789 – 1815)
E.Q. What were the causes and effects of the French Revolution? How did Napoleon become the emperor of France?

2. Bastille – French prison, Paris bourgeoisie – merchants, skilled workers, 3rd Estate Committee of Public Safety – Robespierre, executed enemies of Revolution conservatives – traditional Declaration of the Rights of Man – Revolutionary statement delegates – representatives deserted - AWOL emperor – absolute ruler

3. First Estate – Catholic clergy mob – unpredictable crowd radicals – extreme reform representative government – will of people royalists – monarch supporters Second Estate – French nobles stability – order, secure Third Estate – other than clergy, nobles Versailles – French palace

4. FRENCH REVOLUTION BEGINS
Old Order – Old Regime, estates
- Privileged estates – 1st (clergy),
2nd (Nobles)
- 3rd estate (3 groups – bourgeoisie,
workers, peasants)
Forces of Change
- Enlightenment ideas
- economic trouble – Louis XVI, Marie
Antoinette

5. - weak leader – Louis XVI calls
Estates – General meeting to
approve tax
Dawn of the Revolution
- National Assembly (Third Estate) >
Tennis Court Oath
- Storming the Bastille – July 14, 1789,
Paris

6. A Great Fear sweeps France > peasant
revolt; attack Versailles; King – Queen
left Versailles
REVOLUTION BRINGS REFORM AND TERROR
Assembly Reforms France – radical
changes
- Rights of man > “Liberty, Equality,
Fraternity” not for woman

7. - State-controlled Church – sells to
pay debt, peasants upset
- Louis tries to escape
Division Develops
- Limited monarchy – legislative
assembly
- Factions split France – radicals,
moderates, conservatives – emigres,
sans - culottes

8. War and Execution
- France at war – September
massacres > National Convention
(republic) > Austria, Prussia
- Jacobins take control – radicals,
Marot – Louis XVI faced the
guillotine
Terror grips France
- Robespiere assumes control > Reign
of Terror

9. 9. End of the Terror > death of Robespierre > Directory government > Napoleon NAPOLEON FORGES AN EMPIRE 10. Napoleon seizes power - hero of the hour – commander of the army - Coup d’ Etat

10. Napoleon rules France – plebiscite vote
- Restoring order at home – lycees,
economy, concordat with Pope
Pius VII, Napoleonic code
- Napoleon crowned as emperor
Napoleon creates an empire
- Loss of American territories – Saint
Dominique (Haiti), Louisiana
Territory (economy, punish British)

11. - Conquering Europe – (Austria, Prussia, Russia) largest since Romans - Battle of Trafalgar – lost to British (Nelson) - French Empire – huge, unstable, 5 yrs.

12. NAPOLEON’S EMPIRE COLLAPSES
Napoleon’s costly mistakes
- Continental system – blockade Britain
- Peninsular War (Iberian) – Spain –
guerrillas
- Invasion of Russia – MISTAKE >
Russian scorched-earth policy

13. 14. Napoleon’s Downfall – everybody at
war with Napoleon
- Napoleon suffers defeat > Elba
- Hundred Days > Waterloo, Belgium
(British, Wellington) > St. Helena
CONGRES OF VIENNA
Metternich’s Plan for Europe (Austria)
- Containment of France
- Balance of power
- Legitimacy

14. 16. Political changes beyond Vienna - Conservative Europe – Holy Alliance (Prussia, Austria), Concert of Europe - Revolution in Latin America – Mexico - Long-term legacy – nationalism > revolutions > democracy