Plants

Overview of Plants Characteristics of all plants  Multicellular  Eukaryotic cells  Autotrophs  Cell walls made of cellulose

Overview of Plants Non-Vascular (mosses) Kingdom Plantae Vascular Seedless (ferns) Seed Bearing Gymnosperms (pine tree, fir tree) Angiosperms Dicots (fruit tree, tomato plant) Monocots (grasses, corn)

Overview of Plants Vascular tissue – “Tubes” that move water and nutrients throughout some plants Non-vascular plants – Plants that do not contain vascular tissue

Overview of Plants Seedless vascular plants – Plants that contain vascular tissue but produce spores instead of seeds

Overview of Plants Gymnosperm (“naked seed”) – Vascular plants that may produce seeds in a cone Angiosperm (“enclosed seed”) – Vascular plants that produce seeds by flowers

Overview of Plants ExampleVascular Tissue? True Roots, Stems, Leaves? Reproduce by Spores? Reproduce by Seeds? Non-Vascular Plants MossesNo (rhizoids are like roots) YesNo Seedless Vascular Plants FernsYes No Gymnosperm Vascular Plants Pine treeYes NoYes, some produced in cones Angiosperm Vascular Plants Fruit treeYes NoYes, produced by flowers

Seedless Vascular Plants Xylem – The tissues that transport water and nutrients up the plant (from the roots up the stem and to the leaves) Phloem – The tissues that carry food from the leaves to wherever it is needed

Angiosperms Cotyledon – The leaf part of an embryo that is present in a seed; also called seed leaf Monocot – Flowering plant that has only one cotyledon per seed Dicot – Flowering plant that has two cotyledons per seed

Angiosperms MonocotsDicots Seeds One cotyledonTwo cotyledons Leaves Veins are parallelVeins are branched Stems Vascular bundles are scattered throughout the stem Vascular bundles are arranged in a circle Roots Roots are usually fibrousUsually have a taproot Flowers Flower parts are often in multiples of 3 Flower parts are often in multiples of 4 or 5

Angiosperms

Angiosperm Reproduction Petal – The colored portion of a flower Sepal – Small leaves under a flower Peduncle – Stem of the flower Peduncle

Angiosperm Reproduction Male Reproductive System - Stamen  Anther – The male reproductive organ; produces pollen  Filament – Holds the anther Peduncle

Angiosperm Reproduction Female Reproductive System – Pistil  Stigma – Receives pollen during fertilization  Style – The slender part of a pistil, extending from the ovary to the stigma  Ovary – Female reproductive organ  Ovule – Reproductive cell which will become the seed when fertilized by pollen Peduncle

Angiosperm Reproduction Perfect flower – Flower that has both male and female structures Imperfect flower – Flower that has either male or female structures

Angiosperm Reproduction Complete flower – Flower that has stamens, pistil, petals, and sepals Incomplete flower – Flower that is missing stamens, pistil, petals, or sepals