1. F l o w e r s

2. A f l o w e r i s : A h i g h l y m o d i f i e d b r a n c h .
T h e f l o w e r p a r t s a r e m o d i f i e d l e a v e s .
A n o r g a n o f
s e x u a l
r e p r o d u c t i o n .

3. S e p a l s—typically green in color
F i r s t p a r t
g r o w i n g f r o m
r e c e p t a c l e .
P r o t e c t s t h e
d e v e l o p i n g
f l o w e r i n t h e
b u d .
S e p a l s a r e “ n o n e s s e n t i a l “.
C a l y x - a l l t h e s e p a l s .

4. P e t a l s A t t a c h e d j u s t i n s i d e t h e s e p a l s .
B r i g h t l y c o l o r e d t o a t t r a c t p o l l i n a t o r s .
P e t a l s a r e “ n o n e s s e n t i a l “.
C o r o l l a - a l l t h e p e t a l s .

5. P i s t i l : F e m a l e O r g a n
S t i g m a - t h e o p e n t o p o f t h e p i s t i l .
Why is it sticky?
S t y l e - t h e h o l l o w t u b e l e a d i n g t o t h e o v a r y .
O v a r y develops into a fruit
O v u l e s - w h e r e e g g s a r e p r o d u c e d .

6. A n t h e r F i l a m e n t S t a m e n : M a l e O r g a n
P r o d u c e s
t h e p o l l e n .
What does pollen contain?
F i l a m e n t
S u p p o r t s the a n t h e r .
Anther
Filament

7. Complete vs. Incomplete Flowers
Complete Flower—contains all 4 floral parts:
Incomplete Flower—lacks one or more of the 4 floral parts:
petals, sepals, stamen, pistil
Petals
Sepals
Stamen
Pistil

8. Perfect vs. Imperfect
Perfect flower: flower that has both stamen and pistil; both male and female.
Imperfect flower: flower that lacks either a stamen or a pistil
staminate flower has a stamen but no pistil
a. is a flower
2. pistilate flower has a pistil but no stamen
a. is a flower
male
female

9. P o l l i n a t i o n
T r a n s f e r o f p o l l e n f r o m a n a n t h e r t o a s t i g m a .
S e l f - P o l l i n a t i o n : s a m e p l a n t .
C r o s s - P o l l i n a t i o n : d i f f e r e n t p l a n t s o f t h e s a m e s p e c i e s .

10. P o l l i n a t i o n V e c t o r s o f P o l l i n a t i o n W i n d
A n i m a l s

11. Angiosperms: Monocots Dicots Seeds Flowers Leaves Roots Stems
One cotyledon
2 cotyledons
Flowers
Floral parts
in multiples of
4s or 5s
Floral parts
in multiples
of 3
Leaves
Parallel veins
branched/
netlike veins
Roots
Fibrous/diffuse
roots
taproot
Stems
Vascular tubes
scattered,
no pattern
Vascular tubes in
ring pattern

12. Flower Review
pistil