1. A Cladogram of Plant Groups – shows evolutionary relationships of plants
Flowering plants
Cone-bearing plants
Ferns and their relatives
Mosses and their relatives
Green algae ancestor
Flowers; Seeds Enclosed in Fruit
Seeds
Water-Conducting (Vascular) Tissue

2. The Diversity of Plants
Cone-bearing plants 760 species
Flowering plants 235,000 species
Ferns and their relatives 11,000 species
Mosses and their relatives 15,600 species

3. Structure of a Leaf - the cuticle protects the leaf against transpiration
Veins
Epidermis
Palisade mesophyll
Xylem
Vein
Phloem
Spongy mesophyll
Epidermis
Stoma
Guard cells

4. Plants are categorized as Annuals Biennials Perennials
that complete their life cycle in
that complete their life cycle in
that complete their life cycle in
1 growing season
2 years
More than 2 years

5. Types of Plants – Seedless
Mosses (Bryophytes)
Ferns (Pterophyta)

6. Cone Bearing (Gymnosperms)
Types of Plants - seeds
Cone Bearing (Gymnosperms)
Flowering (Angiosperm)

7. Gymnosperms vs Angiosperms
Comparing Features of Seed Plants
Feature
Seeds
Reproduction
Examples
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Bear their seeds on cones
Can reproduce without water; male gametophytes are contained in pollen grains; fertilization occurs by pollination
Conifers, cycads, ginkgoes, gnetophytes
Bear their seeds within flowers
Can reproduce without water; male gametophytes are contained in pollen grains; fertilization occurs by pollination
Grasses, flowering trees and shrubs, wildflowers, cultivated flowers

8. Flower Functions Sexual Reproduction! Flowers are pollinated by: Wind
Insects
Birds

9. FLOWER PARTS Pistil – female part of the plant
Contains the stigma, style and ovary (surround and protect the seeds)

10. FLOWER PARTS Stamen – male part of the plant
Contains the anther and filament

11. FLOWER PARTS Petals – colorful, leaflike structures
Sepals – green leaflike structures at the base of the flower

12. The structure of a flower.
Filament
Anther
Stigma
Style
Ovary
Carpel
Petal
Sepal
Ovule
Stamen

15. Fruit – after pollination the ovary develops a wall of tissue surrounding the seed

16. Comparison of Monocots and Dicots
Figure 22–25 Comparison of Monocots and Dicots
Monocots
Dicots
Single cotyledon
Parallel veins
Floral parts often in multiples of 3
Vascular bundles scattered throughout stem
Fibrous roots
Two cotyledons
Branched veins
Floral parts often in multiples of 4 or 5
Vascular bundles arranged in a ring
Taproot
Seeds
Leaves
Flowers
Stems
Roots

17. Transpiration A B Evaporation of water molecules out of leaves.
Pull of water molecules upward from the roots.