The Kingdom of Israel A need for strength

A Need for Strength 1000 B.C.- Strongest group in Canaan-Philistines Iron weapons and tools 12 tribes of Israel fight among themselves Tribes need to unite with a strong leader

The chosen King First King warrior farmer Saul. Defeated many of Israelite enemies. Saul disobeys Gods commands. Suffered from depression Son’s shepherd friend David plays music for Saul.

David Shepherd Poet Soldier Killed the Philistine Giant Goliath with a sling shot and stones After slaying the giant Saul appoints David head of the army. David grows popular King Saul becomes jealous and plots to kill David David flees until Saul is killed David becomes King

David’s Reign David drives Philistines out of the Canaan Conquers others Creates empire Tribute must be paid to David and Israel Israelites pay high taxes New capital- Jerusalem Wanted temple in Israel for sacred objects Died before temple was built

Solomon Son of David Many wives Third King of Israel Built David’s temple Known for proverbs ( wise sayings) High taxes to pay for buildings North Israel young men forced to work in mines of other countries to pay for building projects North Israel did not like Solomon

David Solomon

The Decline of Israel after Solomon’s Death Fighting among 12 tribes. Outcome two kingdoms North 10 tribes with Samaria as capital South 2 tribes known as Judah with Jerusalem as capital

Internal problems allow invaders to conquer Israel Assyrians and Chaldeans want to control trade route through Israelite lands Israelites forget religion Big differences between rich and poor

Assyrians conquer Israel 722 B.C. Scatter 10 northern tribes Most of tribes lost their religion in the move Assyrians worry about anger of Hebrew God Assyrians offer sacrifices to Hebrew God Assyrians read Torah and begin to worship God of Israel People become known as Samaritans Two tribes in Judah look down on Samaritans

Chaldeans and Judah Judah first conquered by Egypt 605 B.C.Chaldeans conquer Egypt and gain Judah Chaldeans let Jews keep religion until Jews rebel 597 B.C. Chaldean King Nebuchadnezzar captures Jerusalem 10,000 Jews forced to leave and live in Babylon and new Jewish King appointed Another Jewish revolt in 586 B.C. Chaldean king destroys Jerusalem

Babylonian Captivity After revolt thousands are forced to leave Judah Time known as exile Religion becomes known as Judaism

Life during exile People meet during Sabbath ( day of rest) to pray Place of meeting- synagogue( house of worship giving hope) Rabbis are Jewish teachers and scholars

Persians defeat Chaldeans 500’s Persian King Cyrus lets Jews return to Judah Most went back and rebuilt Jerusalem Persians controlled government Jewish leaders-priests and scribes Ezra- scribe wrote 5 books of Torah on parchment

Hebrew Bible 5 books of the Torah and 34 other books. First book of Torah called Genesis- God punishes the world for bad behavior in Noah’s Ark Daniel and the lion’s den