1. Judaism

2. Beginnings Early history found in the Torah Hebrew Bible
This is the Old Testament in the Christian Bible
Details actual events and stories to teach lessons
This is usually referred to in Christian Bibles as the Old Testament
Contain stories that actually happen and stories that teach a lesson

3. Abraham Shepherd from Ur God chose him to be “Father” of Hebrews
Moved his people to Canaan
Got to Canaan and in 1650 B.C. Abraham’s descendents moved to Egypt
He was the first of them
“Go from your country and your kindred and your father’s house to the land that I will show you. I will make of you a great nation, and I will bless you, and make your name great… (Genesis 12: 1-2)
This move might have occurred in 2000BC
Possible around 1650BC Abrahams descendents moved to Egypt

4. Canaan  The “Promised Land”
Abraham’s Journey from Ur
Canaan  The “Promised Land”

6. Yahweh God of the Hebrews Monotheism
Belief in ONE god
Their God did not belong to a single city
They could carry their worship everywhere
Had power over EVERYONE
Many times gods were worshipped by the people of the age were local and were not everywhere they went
Not just Hebrews and he was the one and only God
No Physical Image were to be made of God and was not a physical being

7. Covenant Abraham promised to obey God God promised to protect Hebrews
This mutual promise is called a COVENANT

8. Move to Egypt Because of famine and drought
At first, they were respected and given places of honor
Later they were forced into slavery

9. Moses Rescued From the Nile “Shepherd of His People”

10. The Exodus

11. Route of the Exodus

12. Parting the Red Sea

13. 10 Commandments Given to Moses by God on Mt. Sinai
Basis of civil and religious law
New Covenant between God and the Hebrews
God would protect and the Hebrews would obey the 10 laws
Resemble Hammurabi Code with eye for an eye but also softened by God’s mercy expressions

14. A new “covenant” with Yahweh
Moses and the 10 Commandments
A new “covenant” with Yahweh

15. Return to Canaan Wandered desert for 40 years Returned to Canaan
No longer were nomadic and settled down
Learned technologies from their neighbors
Returned after Moses died
Fought with neighbors over the land and difficult for them to learn to settle down since were nomadic for many years

16. Video Clip: Exodus

17. Judges and Hebrew Law
Hebrews were in loosely organized tribes in Canaan and governed themselves
In crisis, God would raise judges up to take charge and unite the tribes
Live a moral life following God’s law
When arrived in Canaan were 12 loose tribes with own governing
These would provide judicial and military leadership
Deborah was unusual judge b/c most women were strictly meant to be wives and mothers

18. Hebrew Law Women did not have roles of authority in Jewish society
Commandments showed strict justice, but emphasized God’s mercy
Duty
Worship God and live justly with one another

19. The Kingdom of Israel Eventually, one tribe left – Judah
 hence the name Jews & religion Judaism
B.C.
 great period of prosperity

20. King Saul 1st King of Israel Drove Philistines out of Palestine
Portrayed as jealous man
Died at the Battle of Mount Gilboa fighting Philistines

21. King David Saul’s son-in-law Very popular
Established Jerusalem as the capital
Samuel 17:1-18:5
David defeats Goliath with sling shot

22. King David’s Empire

23. King Solomon Greatest of 3 Kings Son of King David
Built Temple of Jerusalem – holds Arc of the Covenant (Moses’ tablets)
Solomon’s projects strained kingdom’s finances

24. Solomon’s
Kingdom

25. King Solomon’s Temple Floor Plan
The First Temple

26. Inside the Temple Tabernacle
The Arc of the Covenant

27. The Kingdom Divides 922 B.C. – Kingdom splits in two
Israel to the North
Judah to the South
Next 200 years were turmoil

28. Babylonian Captivity
738 B.C. – Israel and Judah paying tribute to Assyrians
725 B.C. – Assyrians siege Samaria, capital of Israel
Judah held on for another 150 yrs.

29. Jewish Captives: 8c BCE

30. Judah’s Destruction 586 B.C. – King Nebuchadnezzar conquers Judah
Solomon’s temple destroyed
Survivors exiled to Babylon

31. Nebuchadnezzar II’s Babylon

32. Jerusalem Rebuilt
539 B.C. – Persian King (Cyrus The Great) conquers Babylon
Allows 40,000 exiles to return to Jerusalem
Many Jews stayed in Babylon
445 B.C. – walls of Jerusalem rebuilt

33. Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall
The Temple Mount, Jerusalem Today
Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall