Tuesday 10/1 - Power and Control Explain the Purpose & Role of Government Explain the Purpose & Role of Government Bell Work: Bell Work: What would life be like without rules or laws? Explain in 3 sentences. What would life be like without rules or laws? Explain in 3 sentences.

What is this called? Anarchy A state in which there are no rules and laws controlling people. Therefore, individuals have total freedom to do as they please. A state in which there are no rules and laws controlling people. Therefore, individuals have total freedom to do as they please. Discussion questions: Would you like to live in a society like this? Why or why not? Would you like to live in a society like this? Why or why not? What would be the advantages and disadvantages to living in this society? What would be the advantages and disadvantages to living in this society? Would this guarantee you the highest quality of life? Why or why not? Would this guarantee you the highest quality of life? Why or why not?

Would this provide a high quality of life? No – so if you were to create your own community, what would be the first things you would do to ensure its success? No – so if you were to create your own community, what would be the first things you would do to ensure its success? Rules Rules Laws Laws Organize jobs/responsibilities Organize jobs/responsibilities Ensure order and protection Ensure order and protection This is called government This is called government

Government: The ins and outs of governments around the world and throughout History.

What is government? Definition Definition A system by which a political unit is governed. A system by which a political unit is governed. 3 Specific Qualities of ALL governments 3 Specific Qualities of ALL governments 1. Defined Boundaries / Area 2. Specified population 3. Sovereignty or Control to make decisions

Organization of Government 1. Divisions 2. Structure – Power 3. Types

Divisions of Government There are two divisions to break down how a government is run: There are two divisions to break down how a government is run: Constitutionalism (Limited Government) Constitutionalism (Limited Government) system that allows the country and individuals certain freedoms and rights. system that allows the country and individuals certain freedoms and rights. Totalitarianism Totalitarianism a system that controls all aspects of the country and individuals’ lives. EX. – China, Cuba, Iran a system that controls all aspects of the country and individuals’ lives. EX. – China, Cuba, Iran

Structures of Government Unitary / Federal Unitary / Federal Power is held at one centralized level. Usually, one person or branch makes the majority of decisions for the country. Confederation Confederation Power is held by different units or groups within the country. Each unit should have equal power.

Types of Government Democracy Democracy Democracy People working equally together People working equally together Forms of Democracies: Forms of Democracies: Representative Democracy Representative Democracy People elect officials to represent their needs in government People elect officials to represent their needs in government Example – President Obama - U.S.A Example – President Obama - U.S.A

Parliamentary Democracy Parliamentary Democracy People elect officials who represent them, and those officials elect higher government officials to work for the government People elect officials who represent them, and those officials elect higher government officials to work for the government Example – Prime Minister Caine - Britain Example – Prime Minister Caine - Britain

Authority Authority Control of society by individuals or smaller groups of people Control of society by individuals or smaller groups of people Monarchy Monarchy a government that is ruled by an absolute king, czar, emperor. a government that is ruled by an absolute king, czar, emperor. Power is usually passed down through family lines. Power is usually passed down through family lines. Example – Abdullah II – King of Jordan Example – Abdullah II – King of Jordan Types of Government Authority

Authority Fascism Fascism A system of total government control and ultra-nationalism A system of total government control and ultra-nationalism Popularized by Hitler during WWII Popularized by Hitler during WWII

Types of Government Authority Military Dictatorship Military Dictatorship a person or group that rules a government by threat of force through military actions a person or group that rules a government by threat of force through military actions Botswana Botswana

Other Types of Government Socialism Socialism A government in which producers/people possess both political and economic power. A government in which producers/people possess both political and economic power. Example – Fidel Castro – Cuba Example – Fidel Castro – Cuba

Communism Communism A government in which the government controls & regulates all aspect of society A government in which the government controls & regulates all aspect of society Example – Mao Zedong - China Example – Mao Zedong - China

Other Historical Governmental Ideas Anarchy Anarchy Absence of any political authority Absence of any political authority Example – French Revolution Example – French Revolution