Mental & Emotional Health Mental Disorders Lesson 1

What are Mental Disorders???  They are an illness of the mind that can affect the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of a person.  It can prevent someone from leading a happy, healthful and productive life.  40% of homeless people suffer from some type of MD.

Types of MD’s Anxiety Disorder  A condition in which real or imagined fears are difficult to control. Characteristics:  Chronic fear, avoidance issues are the main issues for this disorder.

4 Main Classifications of Anxiety Disorder 1. Phobia 2. Obsessive Compulsive 3. Panic Disorders 4. Post Traumatic Stress

Phobia Is a strong irrational fear of something specific. Some common Phobias 1. Acrophobia- Fear of heights. 2. Agoraphobia- Fear of open spaces or of being in crowded ones. 3. Arachnophobia- Fear of spiders. 4. Aquaphobia –Fear of water.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)  recurrent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and/or repetitive behaviors (compulsions). Signs & SymptomsSigns & Symptoms=People with OCD may be plagued by persistent, unwelcome thoughts or images, or by the urgent need to engage in certain rituals. Signs & Symptoms Ex.=obsessed with germs or dirt, and wash their hands over and over.

Panic Disorder   is a condition characterized by reoccurring panic attacks inpanic attacks combination with significant behavioral change or at least a month of ongoing worry about the implications or concern about having other attacks.  Symptoms=rapid heartbeat, perspiration, dizziness, trembling, psychological experience of uncontrollable fear

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Is a condition that may develop after exposure to a terrifying event that threatened or caused physical harm. Symptoms=  Flashbacks, or reliving the traumatic event for minutes or even days at a time  Shame or guilt  Upsetting dreams about the traumatic event Ex. Causing PTSD-Assault, rape, earthquake, bombing, planes crashes, military combat

Mood Disorders Clinical Depression Depressive disorders range in seriousness from mild, temporary episodes of sadness to severe, persistent depression. Signs and symptoms may include:  Loss of interest in daily activities  Persistent sadness or feeling of emptiness  Sleep disturbances  Significant weight loss or gain  Loss of concentration  Fatigue  Suicidal thoughts or behavior

Bipolar Disorder Also known as Manic depressive disorder. Manic phase For many people, signs and symptoms in the manic phase may include:  Feelings of euphoria, extreme optimism and inflated self-esteem  Rapid speech, racing thoughts, agitation and increased physical activity  Poor judgment  Recklessness or taking chances not normally taken  Difficulty sleeping  Tendency to be easily distracted  Inability to concentrate  Aggressive behavior

Bipolar Disorder continued…… Depressive phase In the depressive phase, signs and symptoms include:  Persistent feelings of sadness, anxiety, guilt or hopelessness  Disturbances in sleep and appetite  Fatigue and loss of interest in daily activities  Problems concentrating  Irritability  Chronic pain without a known cause  Recurring thoughts of suicide

Eating Disorders  An eating disorder is a complex compulsion to eat, or not eat, in a way which disturbs physical and mental health.

2 Major Types of ED’s 1. Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric diagnosis that describes an eating disorder characterized by low body weight and body image distortion with an obsessive fear of gaining weight. Individuals with anorexia often control body weight by voluntary starvation, purging, vomiting, excessive exercise, or other weight control measures, such as diet pills or diuretic drugs.

2. Bulimia nervosa It is a psychological condition in which the subject engages in recurrent binge eating followed by intentional purging. This purging is done in order to compensate for the excessive intake of food, usually to prevent weight gain. Purging can take the form of vomiting; inappropriate use of laxatives, enemas, diuretics

Conduct Disorder  A pattern of behavior in which the rights of others or basic social rules are violated Ex. Lying, theft, aggression, violence, truancy, arson, and vandalism. Although these people project an image of toughness it is usually caused by a sense of Low-self esteem

Schizophrenia  is a chronic and often debilitating mental illness. The condition can cause you to withdraw from the people and activities in the world around you and to retreat into a world of delusions or separate reality

Symptoms  Delusions — personal beliefs not based in reality, such as paranoia that you're being persecuted or conspired against  Bizarre delusions — for example, a belief in Martians controlling your thoughts  Hallucinations — sensing things that don't exist, such as imaginary voices  Social isolation

Personality Disorders 1. Antisocial PD=is a psychiatric condition characterized by an individual's common disregard for social rules, norms, and cultural codes, as well as impulsive behavior, and indifference to the rights and feelings of others. Impulsiveness, Lack of remorse for hurting others, aggressive 2. Borderline PD=experience a series of troubled relationships. Engage in high risk activities, and have low self-esteem. 3. Passive-aggressive PD=Uncooperative, resists being told what to do, yet rely on other directions. For example, people who are P-A might take so long to get ready for a party they do not wish to attend, that the party is nearly over by the time they arrive.

Discussion Groups 1. List some reason why eating disorders affect females more so than males. Body shapes- Body shapes- 2. Myth or Fact The lives of people with Mental Illness lives are completely different than others. Explain/List