Organization of the Body Unit 2 Organization of the Body
Body Systems Cells Tissues Organs Systems
Circulatory system
Lymphatic system
Digestive System
Endocrine System
Female and male reproductive systems
Musculoskeletal System
Nervous System
Respiratory System
Skin and sense organ
Urinary System
Body Cavities
Cranial Cavity
Thoracic Cavity
Abdominal Cavity
Pelvic Cavity
Division of the Back
Spinal Column Vertebrae Disk Cartilage
Divisions of the Back Division Bones Abbreviation Cervical (neck) region 7 bones C1-C7 Thoracic (chest) region 12 bones T1-T12 Lumbar (loin or waist) region 5 bones L1-L5 Sacral (sacrum or lower back) region 5 fused bones S1-S5 Coccygeal (coccyx or tailbone) region 4 fused bones
Planes of the Body Frontal (coronal) plane Sagittal (lateral) plane Up and down plane Divides body into front and back portions Sagittal (lateral) plane Divides body into right and left sides Transverse (axial) plane Horizontal plane Divides body into upper and lower portions
MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging A technique for producing images of the body using magnetic waves. Used to create images of organs and other structures in specialized detail and in all planes of the body.
Terminlogy
Terminology Abdomin/o – abdomen Anter/o – front Abdominal – pertaining to the abdomen Anter/o – front Anterior – located in the front (of the body or structure)
Terminology Bronch/o – bronchial tubes (leading from the windpipes to the lungs) Bronchoscopy – visual examination of the bronchial tubes Cervic/o – neck of the body/neck (cervix) of the uterus Cervical – pertaining to the neck (see context)
Terminology Chondr/o – cartilage Hypochondriac Pertaining to the lateral regions of the upper abdomen beneath the lower ribs. Can also describe a person who has chronic concern about his or her health and body functions.
Coccyg/o – coccyx, tailbone Coccygeal – pertaining to the coccyx Crani/o – skull Craniotomy – surgical incision into the skull
Terminology Epitheli/o Epithelial Esophag/o Esophageal skin, surface tissue Epithelial Pertaining to skin cells Esophag/o esophagus (tube from the throat to the stomach) Esophageal Pertaining to the esophagus
Terminology Hepat/o Hepatitis Lapar/o Laparoscopy liver inflammation of the liver Lapar/o Abdomen Laparoscopy Visual examination of the abdomen
Terminology Laryng/o Laryngeal Later/o Lateral Larynx (voice box) Laryngeal Pertaining to the larynx Later/o side Lateral Pertaining to the side
Terminology Lumb/o Lumbar Lymph/o Lymphocyte Pertaining to the loins Loin (waist) Lumbar Pertaining to the loins Part of the back and sides between the chest and the hip. Lymph/o Lymph (clear fluid in tissue spaces and lymph vessels) Lymphocyte White blood cell that is found within lymph and lymph nodes. Example: T cells and B cells
Terminology Mediastin/o Mediastinal Pelv/o Pelvic Mediastinum ( space between the lungs ) Mediastinal Pelv/o Pelvis (bones of the hip) Pelvic
Terminology Peritone/o Peritoneal Pharyng/o Pharyngeal Peritoneum (membrane surrounding the abdomen) Peritoneal Pharyng/o Pharynx Pharyngeal
Terminology Pleur/o Pleuritis Inflammation of the pleura. Posteri/o Membrane surrounding the lungs. Pleuritis Inflammation of the pleura. Posteri/o Back/Behind Posterior
Terminology Sacr/o Sacrum (five fused bones in the lower back) Spin/o Spine (backbone) Spinal
Terminology Thorac/o Thoracotomy Incision of the chest Thoracic Pertaining to the chest Trache/o Trachea Tracheotomy opening of the windpipe.
Terminology Vertebr/o Vertebra (backbone) Vertebral