1. Human Anatomy
Introduction

2. Do Now The spinal cord is ____________ to the esophagus
The larynx is _____________ to the trachea
Tommy is cutting down a tree with a chain saw – it slips and cuts off his head. What type of cut is this? (What Plane)

3. Anatomical position – a common visual reference point
Person stands erect with feet together and eyes forward
Palms face anteriorly with the thumbs pointed away from the body

4. Regional terms – names of specific body areas
Axial region – the main axis of the body
Appendicular region – the limbs
Directional terminology
Refers to the body in anatomical position
Standardized terms of directions are paired terms

5. Orientation and Directional Terms

6. Orientation and Directional Terms

7. Orientation and Directional Terms

8. Regional Terms

9. Regional Terms

10. Body Planes and Sections

11. Body Planes and Sections
Coronal (frontal) plane - Lies vertically and divides body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts
Sagittal plane – lies vertically and divides the body into left and right sides.
Median (midsagittal) plane - Specific sagittal plane that lies vertically in the midline
Transverse plane - runs horizontally and divides body into superior (up) and inferior (down) parts

12. Body Planes and Sections
Oblique section through the trunk
Figure 1.6

13. Body Cavities and Membranes
Dorsal body cavity
Cavity subdivided into the cranial cavity and the vertebral cavity.
Cranial cavity houses the brain.
Vertebral cavity runs through the vertebral column and encloses the spinal cord

14. Body Cavities and Membranes
Ventral body cavity – subdivided into:
Thoracic cavity – divided into three parts
Two lateral parts each containing a lung surrounded by a pleural cavity
Mediastinum – contains the heart surrounded by the pericardial sac

15. Body Cavities and Membranes
Ventral body cavity
Abdominopelvic cavity – divided into two parts
Abdominal cavity – contains the liver, stomach, kidneys, and other organs
Pelvic cavity – contains the bladder, some reproductive organs, and rectum

16. Body Cavities and Membranes
Serous cavities – a slit-like space lined by a serous membrane
Pleura, pericardium, and peritoneum
Parietal serosa – outer wall of the cavity
Visceral serosa covers the visceral organs

17. Body Cavities and Membranes

18. Other Body Cavities Oral cavity Nasal cavity Orbital cavities
Middle ear cavities
Synovial cavities

19. Abdominal Regions and Quadrants
Abdominal regions divide the abdomen into nine regions

20. Abdominal Quadrants
Abdominal quadrants divide the abdomen into four quadrants
Right upper and left upper quadrants
Right lower and left lower quadrants