CW #42: CST/STAR Testing Review (Part 3) 1. Agricultural Revolution- New agricultural methods (Pg. 253 ) 2. Surplus- Too much of one product 3. Industrial Revolution- Began in England in the 18 th century, when products went from made by hand to made by machines. (253) 4.Enclosure- One of the fenced-in fields created by the wealthy landowners (253)

5. Natural Resources- Natural wealth of a country, consisting of land forest, mineral deposits, water, etc. (254) 6. Entrepreneur- Someone who organizes, manages, and takes the risk of business (256) 7. Capital- A city that is the center of government of a country, a state, or province 8. Spinning Jenny- Made stronger, thinner, and more consistent thread

9. Cotton Gin- Machine used for separating the fibers of cotton from the seeds 10. Flying Shuttle- Key development in the industrialization of weaving 11. Steam Engine- Engine worked by steam (508) 12. Railroad- Permanent roads laid with rails, commonly continuous forming tracks, which locomotives run on used for transportation ( Factory- Buildings where products and goods are made (255)

14. Textiles- Clothes or goods produced by weaving, knitting, or felting ( ) 15. Urban- The city ( ) 16. Rural- The countryside ( ) 17. Urbanilization- When cities are built for people to come live in them ( ) 18. Migrate- When people move from one place to another ( )

19. Capitalism- Economic system in which investment and ownership means production, and exchange of wealth is made and maintained chiefly by private individuals 20. Adam Smith- Scottish economist 21. Utopia- an imaginary land described by Thomas More in his book Utopia. 22. Communism- economic systems all means of production- land, factories, railroads, and businesses- are owned by people, private property does not exist, goods and servouses are shared equally. 23. Karl Marx- introduced world to a radical type socialism called marxism.

24. Communist manifesto- a socialist manifesto written by Marx and Engels 25. Scab- someone who works or provides workers during strike 26. Union- an association of workers, formed to bargain for better working conditions. 27. Strike- to refuse to work in order to force an employer to meet certain demands. 28. Collective Bargaining- negotiations between workers and their companies.

Essential Questions: 1. During the Agricultural Revolution large land owners started to put up enclosures, and they forced small farms to become tenant farmers. ( 253) 2. England was able to industrialize first because 1)water power and coal to fuel the new machines 2) iron to construct machines, tools, and building. 3) rivers for transportation. 4) Harbors from which its merchants ships set sail. (254) 3. Railroads transformed society because it provided people with jobs, it gave manufactures a cheap way to transport materials and made traveling easier. (257)

4. People migrated from rural areas to urban areas during the Industrial Revolution 1. the growth of the factory brought job searchers. 2. resources and opportunities (258) 5. Urbanization is city building and the movement of people to cities. Some problems created by Urbanization were the living conditions were horrible, and pollution. ( 258-9)

6. Capitalism is an economic system in which money is invested, in business ventures with the goal of making a profit. Citizens can make as much money as they want.1. Advantages: Anyone can be rich, Disadvantages: Greed, Disproportion of wealth (poverty is higher than wealth) (267) 7. Communism is a form of complete socialism in which everything like land, miners, factories, and businesses would be owned by the people. (269)

Review Quiz #1: CST Review Quiz #1 (1-14) 1 st Highlight key words… 2 nd Eliminate wrong Choices, in other words cross out the wrong answers. 3 rd Circle your response!

Homework: CW #39-42: CST/STAR Testing Review