In the decades following World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union fought the Cold War, which was a conflict of economics and politics, not really of weapons. 1. How did these two superpowers wage this Cold War and what “weapons” did each side use? 2. Who ultimately won the Cold War

Beginning of the Cold War

Cold War: Hostility between two countries, U. S Cold War: Hostility between two countries, U.S. and Soviet Union without direct military conflict.

The Great Debate Communism Capitalism No private person can benefit from another's work Profits go to the state so everyone benefits Controlled Economy Fairness and equality for all One party government Profits go to hard workers Any person can start a business Free economy Wide gap between rich and poor Choice of many parties for government

Origins Distrust by both sides 1917 Russian Revolution Cutting back of supplies from the West to Soviets during World War II

Origins Yalta Conference Potsdam Conference Stalin promises free elections Wants reparations Potsdam Conference West accuses Stalin of breaking his word Reparations would come from occupied zones Soviets keep satellite nations

“Iron Curtain”

Germany

Containment Truman Doctrine $400 million in aid to Greece and Turkey Essential to keep Communism from spreading

Containment Marshall Plan United States gives aid to any counties that need it Keep people from hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos Helps U.S. business and stop communism U.S.S.R. prevented Eastern counties from receiving aid

Berlin June, 1948 Stalin shuts down all roads into Berlin from the west Stalin thought west would not want to go to war for Berlin

Germany

Berlin

Berlin Airlift “Operation Vittles” 327 days U.S. and British flights brought food and supplies to West Berlin May 1949 Soviets lift the ban of Berlin

Japan U.S. occupied under MacArthur War criminals put on trial New Constitution Emperor remains as figurehead Rebuild economy with Marshall plan No Army or Navy War criminals put on trial

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization: 1949 12 members U.S., Canada, and Western Europe Pledged support to one another if the other was attacked

NATO

Warsaw Pact Pact between Soviet Union and the counties of Eastern Europe

NATO vs. Warsaw Pact

Cold War Propaganda Make Mine Freedom (1948)

Cold War Propaganda