4/6/15 CO: Describe the aftermath of World War Two and the causes of the Cold War.

Ch. 26: Cold War Conflicts Aftermath of WWII

Potsdam Conference: July 1945 Administration of Germany under military command of Allied Control Council The four occupying powers of Germany should take reparations from their respective zones of occupation; additional compensation to the USSR. Rigid measures of control were decided to prevent Germany from ever again becoming a threat to world peace. Stalin, Truman, and Churchill

Growing Mistrust Soviets held grudge against the U.S. and Britain. Not invading Europe sooner and creating a second front against Germany Stalin was kept from knowing about America’s development of the atomic bomb The Soviet loss of life compared to losses suffered by Great Britain and the United States

Russia: almost 24 million United States: 418,500

“The war has left many parts of the world in turmoil “The war has left many parts of the world in turmoil. Differences have arisen amongst the Allies. It will not help us to pretend that this is not the case.” -Harry Truman, 1945

Peace for Allies? Capitalism Free trade would encourage global democracy Democracy: self-government, free and equal representation of people

Iron Curtain Division of Europe between communist and noncommunist countries. “A shadow has fallen upon the scenes so lately lighted by the Allied victory…an iron curtain has descended across the continent.” - Winston Churchill, March 1946

Containment Taking measures to prevent any extension of communist rule to any other countries.

Truman Doctrine Truman asked Congress for $400 million in economic and military aid for Greece and Turkey to resist oppressive communist control in Eastern Europe, . “It must be the policy of the U.S. to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.” -Harry S. Truman

Marshall Plan The United States proposed to provide aid to all European nations that needed it. 16 countries received $13 billion to help against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos. American assistance in restoring the economic infrastructure of Europe.

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization 1949 regional defense alliance NATO's purpose is to enhance the stability, well-being, and freedom of its members by means of a system of collective security.

Warsaw Pact Main purpose was to counter the rearmament of West Germany and its admission to NATO The Soviet Union, Poland, Czech, East Germany, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania. 1955

Map of Soviet Union

Closure paragraph Why did the US fear the spread of communism both after World War I and after World War II?

4/6/15 1. Compare Truman and Stalin and Compare capitalism and communism page 810 2. Iron Curtain Map page 811 #1-2 3. Iron Curtain speech: Why did Stalin interpret this as a “Call to war”? Cite three examples.

4/6/15 1. Compare Truman and Stalin and Compare capitalism and communism page 810 2. Iron Curtain Map page 811 #1-2 3. Iron Curtain speech: Why did Stalin interpret this as a “Call to war”? Cite three examples.