National 5 PE Command Words

Command words Describe Explain Analyse Justify Evaluate

Describe Set the context – e.g. Who What When Where Distance, Reps, Sets, Method Equipment

Explain Ask the question why? – reasoning. I decided to use this method because…. This was helpful in my performance because… This allowed me to…

Analyse Definition of ‘analyse’: “…to examine something methodically and in detail, typically in order to explain and interpret it.”

Analyse Comment of the relationship each part has to: Validity - was the method you chose appropriate for the data needed to be gathered and did it meet your needs? Specificity – is the methods specific to the factor being investigated? Reliability - was the method appropriate for gaining accurate results and could it be repeated easily for comparison? Was there any drawbacks to using the method chosen? Suitability – did the method have set protocols in place? Was it easy to carry out? Is there any consideration of cost implications or use of specialist equipment? Think of Advantages and Disadvantages of the method as this will help you to generate discussion.

Justify Definition of justify: “…to show or prove to be right or reasonable” e.g. ‘Fartlek training was appropriate to use during my training plan as re-testing data (using the cooper run) showed my CRE levels had clearly improved through use of this method’.

Section 3 - Evaluation Example – Using Fartlek Training to develop CRE. Fartlek Training clearly improved my CRE. Because I continually increased the total time of my sessions (from 20mins in week 1 to 40 mins in week 6, 3 times per week) my CRE continually improved. I found that my shooting success rate was much improved, especially in the last 10 mins of game where before I was suffering from fatigue. My shooting success rate has now increased to 80% as opposed to 50% which it was before.

Section 3 - Evaluation Example – Using Fartlek Training to develop CRE. Fartlek Training however did affect my passing success rate. Using Fartlek training meant I had to dedicate time to completing the sessions. This time was perhaps at the sacrifice of alternative training methods such as conditioning drills or conditioned games. This meant that I spent less time maintaining and honing my other skills like Passing. What I found was that overtime I felt that my passing success rate dropped. As this could not be down to muscle fatigue, it must have been because my skill level has dropped due to a reducing my skills practice. Therefore, I would use Fartlek Training alongside Conditioning Drills and Conditioned Games to develop my whole performance.

Section 3 - Evaluation Example – Using Self Talk to lower Anxiety Levels (or frustration levels, improve confidence etc.) Self Talk clearly lowered my Anxiety levels. With the use of the 3 Rs, I was able to Recognise the common triggers to my Anxiety, such as the score being level with 5 minutes to go, and preparing ‘Trigger Words’ such as ‘Keep Calm’, helped me to Re-group, which allowed me to understand more deeply the consequences of nervous thoughts/feelings leading to muscle tension and unforced errors. Finally, the ability to Re-focus my attention back to the objective allowed me to apply my full concentration, determination and positive feelings to the game. Being in this zone of optimum Motivation allowed me to influence the game more.

Section 3 - Evaluation Example – Using Self Talk to lower Anxiety Levels (or frustration levels, improve confidence etc.) However, I believe my skills in Self Talk could have been even stronger as it did take me a while to ‘buy in’ to the concepts and potential benefits of using Self Talk. I initially thought it was silly and would not work for me so I put very little effort into the process. But after seeing and discussing further with team mates/coach, I started to commit to it, finally seeing positives changes in my mind-set and performance during my ‘one off performance’.

Section 3 - Evaluation 3b) Evaluate at least one strength of and at least one area for development from your performance

Evaluate Comparison with focussed consideration of potential value. Basically, for your weakness, what was it? what should it be like? What problems occurred because of it? Value judgement based upon evidence – positive & negative. Evidence can be from observation schedules, teacher/ video/ internal feedback, knowledge of results, etc. Argument to support based upon evidence Linking evidence back to why the ‘item’ in your performance was a strength or a weakness Consideration of alternatives. Would you do anything different to stop the new weakness occurring in your performance?

Example A clear strength in my performance in Badminton was my Overhead Clear. My OHC consistently had a high curved flight path and was aimed at the back tramlines. This consistently forced my opponent to the back of the court, creating space for me to exploit at the front, to use a net or drop shot to score a point in the space, or to force them to lift the shuttle up. This would allow me the opportunity to Smash the shuttle downwards, putting them under pressure. Under this pressure they would make a weak return, an error or miss the shuttle completely.

Example A clear weakness in my performance was my court speed. Due to focussing on improving CRE my Speed levels have lowered, meaning my ability to cover the area of the court has got worse. This creates problems in returning a challenging shot to my opponent as I will be constantly under pressure and make weak returns from being in poor positions to strike the shuttle with the correct technique. As I keep returning the shuttle weakly (e.g. Drop Shot falling too high at the Net) my opponent will continue to Smash or Kill the shuttle, ending the rally easily or forcing me to make another weak return or error.