Industrialization Refers to the greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England during the 18th century

Pre Industrialization Cottage Industries- before industrialization goods were made by hand by individuals, usually from their own homes Products took along time to make,however, they were all different Farming was not as efficient and with an increasing population something needed to change = Agricultural Revolution ( Enlightenment, ( 1700-1800’s)) )

Cottage Industry

Agricultural Revolution Farming was made easier and more efficient by the invention of the following products and ideas Enclosure Movement ( British) Not enough land for everyone…. More people moved to the cities Seed Drill Crop Rotation Better Livestock breeding techniques

Enclosure Movement

Seed Drill

Crop Rotation

As the food supply increased and living conditions improved, England’s population rapidly increased and there began an increase demand for food and goods

Britain leads the way in industrialization Industrialization led to the growth of factories, what types of natural resources do you need to create factories?

Britain had all the right resources 1st- Water power and coal to fuel new machines 2nd- Iron ore to construct machines 3rd- Steel – Henry Bessemer invented the process for making steel 4rd- Rivers for inland transportation 5th- harbors from which its merchant’s ships set sail It began in England and spread to Europe and the United States

New Inventions Spinning Jenny – James Hargreaves Water Power Loom 1st- Textiles Industry Spinning Jenny – James Hargreaves Water Power Loom Factories - People moved their looms from inside their cramped houses and into factories Cotton Gin- England's cotton came from plantations in the Americas. Picking Cotton was a very tedious process. In 1793 Eli Whitney invented the cotton Gin Cotton production soared= 1790- 1.5 million pounds, 1810 85 million pounds

Spinning Jenny

Water Power Loom

Factories

Cotton Gin- Eli Whitney

Steam Boats made transporting the new products easier = money 2nd- Transportation Steam Engine- In 1765 James Watt figured out a way to make the steam engine faster and more efficient Steam Boats made transporting the new products easier = money Better Road construction and toll roads In 1825 the first railroad opened in Britain

Steam Engine- James Watt

Steam Boat- Robert Fulton

Railroad

3rd Science and Medicine Small Pox Vaccine- In 1800 Edward Jenner developed a vaccine for small pox Louis Pasteur discovered bacteria Changed policies in hospitals Discovered injecting people with weaker strains of a disease can make them immune Vaccine for rabies                                              

Small Pox Vaccine and Edward Jenner

Louis Pasteur and bacteria

Impact on industrialized societies 1st- Population Increase

2nd- Increased standards of living- BUT NOT FOR ALL

3rd- Improved Transportation

4th – Urbanization- many farmers were put out of work by the factories and moved to the cities to find work

5th- Environmental pollution

6th – Increased Education

7th- dissatisfaction of working class with working conditions

8th- Growth of Middle Class

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qyvxFCMShNQ Eli Whitney – Cotton Gin

Working conditions= history alive