The English Establish 13 Colonies Chapter 3 1585-1732 AD

Early Colonies Have Mixed Success To describe early English attempts at colonizing To explain English financing of a colony To summarize how Jamestown was founded and grew To analyze the conflicts of the Jamestown colonists both with Native Americans and among the colonists themselves

The English Plan Colonies By the late 1500s Spain has many colonies England is late to the game, Richard Hakluyt Mercantilism Transfers wealth from colonies to parent country through trade Resources from colonies is used to produce items that are sold back to the colony

Two Early Colonies Fail Sir Walter Raleigh would sponsor Roanoke. He would name the first English colony Virginia Roanoke would rely on Natives to feed them John White on the supply ships from England Both options were a mistake, why? Plymouth Company at Kennebec River Essentially a penal colony Infighting, hunger, and the cold

Financing a Colony As first colonies failed, new idea for sponsorship had to come about Joint-stock companies would form Investors would invest in business ventures Profit was shared, risk was minimized Royalty needed to be included, so a charter would have to be created. A legal document that gave a company the right to create a colony

Jamestown Is Founded 1607 Virginia Company of London 100 settlers Named after King James Early hardships would only made worse by gold fever Didn’t bother with farming Constructed a poorly built fort

Jamestown Grows By 1608, only 38 colonist remained John Smith would take over “will not work shall not eat” Things would get better until Smith would be injured and have to return to England The Starving Time As Smith left, 800 colonist would arrive in 1609 Relations would worsen and after the starving time only 60 colonists remained Lord De La Warr’s Jamestown John Rolfe’s high grade tobacco

Bacon’s Rebellion in 1676 Tobacco would be introduced Land was offered to settlers, and indentured servants would be need. House of Burgesses First representative assembly in America Helped form laws Nathaniel Bacon and rebellion Gov. Berkeley’s high taxes Over land and Native Americans

New England Colonies To explain why the Pilgrims established Plymouth Colony To explain why the Puritans set up the Massachusetts Bay Colony To identify the New England Way and to evaluate challenges to Puritan leadership To summarize the causes and effects of King Philip's War and the Salem witchcraft trials

The Voyage of the Mayflower Separatists would organize in the early 1600s Pilgrims would not support the Church of England Persecution would push them out of England to the Americas Signed a Charter with the Virginia Company Mayflower Compact Agreed upon laws for the settlement at Plymouth Helped established the idea of self-governance

The Pilgrims Found Plymouth The first winter was harsh, but aid came in the spring Samoset and Squanto helped create a treaty Natives would show the Pilgrims how to survive in the harsh environment Following fall would lead to the first Thanksgiving. The Pilgrim successes would be heard of in England

Puritans Come to Massachusetts Bay 1630-1640 Puritans would come to America Not Separatist, but reformers The first “Great Migration” About 20,000 would come to America Heavily invested in the Massachusetts Bay Company, Puritans arrived with plenty of support

The New England Way Society was based around the congregation The General Court Elected males from the congregation Emphasized duty, godliness, hard work, and honesty Puritan congregations would spread out over the region Fundamental Orders of Connecticut Extended voting rights Limited the governor’s powers

Challenges to Puritan Leaders Not all agreed with New England Way Roger Williams Founder of the first Baptist church in America Established Providence Rhode Island Guaranteed Religious Freedom Separation of Church and State Anne Hutchinson Didn’t need a church to worship Quakers Would flee Massachusetts, and intolerance

King Phillip’s War Growing Populations impacted Native Americans Lack of understanding on both sides Land ownership was the major issue Religion and food also played a role Metacom (King Phillip) lead a war against Puritan colonies The results of the fighting would leave more land open to settlement

The Salem Witchcraft Trials 1692 Witch Hunts would consume the Puritan settlements Started with several young girls These hunts would be used as a sign to return to a stricter Puritan life style 100+ would be tried, 20 executed

Founding the Middle and Southern Colonies To compare the founding of the four Middle Colonies To trace the growth of the Middle Colonies To explain how economics influenced the development of the Southern Colonies To identify unique reasons for the founding of Georgia and Maryland

The Middle Colonies Religious Freedom attracted many settlers General freedoms were not taken lightly Many religions could be found in the Hudson and Delaware basins A couple of the Middle Colonies were not English

New Netherland Becomes New York Dutch West Indies and “Patroon System” Patrons would bring 50+ workers, and be rewarded land in colonies The more workers you brought the more land you received Duke of York would notice the Colony The Dutch colony was considered a threat to the English Colonies Dutch would surrender without a fight. Dubbed New York

New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware The Duke of York became the single largest landowner in the New World Promises of freedom of religion would attract more settlers William Penn King Charles II owed the Penn family money so instead he granted him Pennsylvania A colony meant for Quakers to live in Peace and Harmony

Southern Colonies Maryland Carolinas Lord Baltimore established Maryland for Catholics 1649s Toleration Act Tobacco Economy Carolinas English, French Huguenots, and African slaves Became Royal Colony through rebellion…1729

Georgia 1732, founded by James Oglethorpe English wanted to use Georgia as a military outpost against Spanish Florida and French Louisiana Would defend against Spanish forces Oglethorpe’s strict rules would force the king to make Georgia a royal colony By the 1700s there was 13 colonies.