8 Parts of Speech REVIEW: Eleventh Grade

N O U N S Noun: Person, place, thing, or idea Common nouns: name any one of a group Proper nouns: a particular Concrete nouns: can be perceived through senses Abstract nouns: idea, feeling, quality, character Compound nouns: two or more words used to form a single noun Collective nouns: names a group

P R O N O U N S Pronoun: used in place of one or more nouns or other pronouns Note: The word the pronoun refers to is an antecedent. An antecedent is usually either a noun or pronoun. The apple is good. It is very sweet. Personal pronouns: refers to one speaking, spoken to, spoken about 1st: I, me, mine, we, us, ours 2nd: you, your, yours 3rd: he/him/his, she/her/hers, it/its, they, them, their(s) Person pronouns are always pronouns, never adjectives 1st: I, me, mine, we, us, ours 2nd: you, your, yours 3rd: he/him/his, she/her/hers, it/its, they, them, their(s) Person pronouns are always pronouns, never adjectives]

P R O N O U N S 2nd:yourself, yourselves Intensive: emphasizes with no real grammatical function Albert himself organized the fundraiser. 1st:myself, ourselves 2nd:yourself, yourselves 3rd: himself, herself, itself, themselves NEVER “theirselves” 1st: myself, ourself 2nd: yourself, yourselves 3rd: himself, herself, itself, themselves

P R O N O U N S Demonstrative pronoun: used to point out a specific noun Examples: this, that, these, those Interrogative pronoun: introduces a question Examples: who, whom, which, what, whose Relative pronoun: introduces a subordinate clause (fragment set off by a comma) Examples: that, which, who, whom, whose Demonstrative: (this, that, these, those) The brownies I made taste better than those. Interrogative: ( who, whom, which, what, whose) Which of the songs are your favorite? Relative: (that, which, who, whom, whose) Isabel is my friend who is training for the New York Marathon

P R O N O U N S Indefinite Pronouns: refers to one or more people, places, or things All Another Anybody Anything Both Such Something No one Nothing Nobody One Other Several Some Somebody Each Either Everyone Everything Everybody Few Many Most More Much Neither None COMPLETE P.490 EX 2, RV B

A D J E C T I V E S Adjective : word used to modify a noun or pronoun __________ report __________ sale __________ hair __________ students tells “what kind,” “which one,” and “how many” \ tells “what kind,” “which one,” and “how many”

A D J E C T I V E S Demonstrative Adjectives: when “this, that, these, those” modify nouns/pronouns Demonstrative Adjective: Let’s take these sandwiches and those apples on our picnic. Remember: when this, that, these, those take place of nouns they are called demonstrative pronouns Demonstrative Pronoun: This is mine and that is his.

A D J E C T I V E S MOST frequently used adjectives: articles! A, An, The An apple, a towel, the car P. 494 EX 3, RV 5 - PN vs ADJ quiz

V E R B Verb: word used to express action or state of being When identifying verbs in a sentence, include the ENTIRE verb phrase! Action verb: expresses either physical or mental action Linking verbs: connect subject to a word that describes the subject Forms of “to be” am being be is are was were shall be will be has been have been had been should be would be can be could be

V E R B Helping Verbs: words used in a verb phrase can could do did does had has have may might must shall should will would p. 499 EX 4 – identify only Examples: James does not think that the teacher will be late. He must have received a phone call.

A D V E R B S Adverbs: modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb an -ly ending is not a guarantee that a word is an adverb Tell how, when, where, to what extent Marian Anderson performed magnificently. How Marian Anderson performed earlier. When Marian Anderson performed there. Where Marian Anderson performed widely. To what extent -p.501 EX C, RV D P.502 RV E

A D V E R B S Noun or adverb? They returned to their home. They returned home before noon Yesterday was a good day. The teacher reviewed what had been covered yesterday. When identifying POS, identify adverb words that modify verbs, adjectives and adverbs. 1.Noun 2. Adverb

C O N J U N C T I O N S Conjunction: word that joins words or word groups Coordinating conjunctions: joins word groups that are used in the same way Examples: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS) Correlative Conjunctions: pairs of conjunctions that joins word groups in the same way - Both/and - either/or - not only/but also - whether/or - neither/nor Coordinating: and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet (FANBOYS) Correlative: Both/and either/or not only/but also whether/or neither/nor

Conjunctions Subordinating Conjunction begins a subordinate clause and connects it to an independent clause. Sub /Indpt Clause + Conj + Sub/Indpt Clause Careful! These words can sometimes be prepositions! After Although As As well as Because Before Even though How It Provided Since So that Than That Though Unless Until When Whenever Where Wherever Whether While Why

P R E P O S I T I O N Preposition: shows relationship of a noun/pronoun to another word Think of a cat and a tree: Behind, Around, Off, Over, Across, Beneath, Out, Under, By, In, Near, Upon Careful: some prepositions can be adverbs when used at the end of a sentence The runner fell behind. (ooooh…adverb)

P R E P O S I T I O N Compound preposition: two or more words working together to form a preposition according to in back of ahead of in case of along with in front of as for instead of by way of out of due to up to except for with the exception of in addition to in spite of because of in regard to away from

I N T E R J E C T I O N S Interjections: expresses emotion, have no grammatical relation to the rest of the sentence Examples: Ouch! Hey! Wow! Cool! P. 508 RV G P.509 CHAPTER RV -POS worksheet reviews A,B,C,D - POS workbook review 21-24 - POS quiz reviews A,B,C,D