Informal (tú) Commands Español 3 – U2L1 WALK! SLEEP! EAT!

In Spanish… To tell someone to do or not to do something, use commands. When we want to tell a friend or someone we speak informally with to do something we use tú commands… ¡Come! – EAT! ¡Camina!- WALK! ¡Duerme!- SLEEP! What looks familiar about these endings?

Affirmative Commands Commands are used for both do’s and don’ts Lets begin with the do’s (affirmative tú commands) Affirmative tú commands are the same as the él/ella/usted form in the present tense. To state the do’s of most verbs, drop the –s ending of the verb. STATEMENT COMMAND (tú) caminas ¡Camina! Walk! (tú) comes ¡Come! Eat! (tú) duermes ¡Duerme! Sleep!

Let’s look at affirmative commands… Open the window!… Verb Abrir Put it in the él/ella/ud. form = abre ¡Abre la ventana!

Let’s look at affirmative commands… Speak now!... Verb hablar Put hablar in the él/ella/ud. form= habla ¡Habla ahora!

Let’s look at affirmative commands… Drink water!... Verb beber Put beber in the él/ella/ud. Form = bebe ¡Bebe agua!

Irregular Affirmative tú commands The following verbs are irregular in the affirmative tú commands: Venir (to come) Ven Decir (to say/tell) Di Salir (to leave) Sal Hacer (to do/make) Haz Tener (to have) Ten Ir (to go) Ve Poner (to put) Pon Ser (to be) Sé “Vin Diesel has ten weapons, eh!”

La Práctica del Paquete Inglés español Delegate Live Leave Count Eat Do/make Delega Vive Sal Cuenta Come Haz

Negative Commands If you want to make a tú command negative (don’t…), you have to change the verb completely. You must follow this 3 step process. 1. Go to the yo form. 2. Drop the “o” 3. Add the opposite tú ending (-ar verbs=es, er/ir verbs=as) ****DON’T FORGET THE NO!!!!!***** STATEMENT COMMAND (tú) fumas ¡No fumes! Don’t smoke! (tú) corres ¡No corras! Don’t run! (tú) duermes ¡No duermas! Don’t sleep!

Let’s look at negative commands… Don’t open the door!... Verb abrir Put abrir in the tú form= abres Change the –es to –as= abras ¡No abras la puerta!

****IMPORTANT NOTE: If a verb is irregular in the YO form, it will be irregular in the negative tú command. Be careful of “gogo” verbs, and of “stem changing” verbs. Also watch out for car/gar/zar verbs

Let’s look at negative commands… These verbs are stem changers… Dormir – to sleep Don’t sleep in class! - Verb dormir- in tú form = duermes - Change –es to –as and remember stem change - ¡No duermas! ¡No duermas en clase!

Let’s look at negative commands… “gogo” verbs Don’t be afraid!... (tener miedo) Verb tener (irregular yo form) Put tener in the yo form= tengo Add the opposite tú ending ¡No tengas miedo!

Práctica del Paquete Don’t come Don’t live there Don’t leave Don’t count Don’t eat Don’t make No vengas No vivas allí No salgas No cuentes No comas No hagas

Irregular negative command verbs The following verbs are irregular (they spell the acronym SIDES) S – ser I – ir D – dar E – estar S - saber No seas No vayas No des No estés No sepas

Let’s look at negative commands… Irregular verbs Don’t be sad!... ¡No estés triste! Don’t go to class!... ¡No vayas a la clase! Don’t give him the money! ¡No le des el dinero a él!

Verbs with spelling changes… (Verbs that end in car/gar/zar verbs) There are several verbs that change spelling when made into negative commands to keep their sound… 1. Jugar- ¡No juegues! - g changes to gue to keep the hard g sound 2. Verbs ending in –car like Practicar - ¡No practiques! -c changes to a que to keep the hard k sound 3. Organizar - ¡No organices! -z changes to c

Let’s look at negative commands… Don’t start! (empezar) ¡No empieces! Don’t touch the piano! -Verb tocar in tú form = tocas -Change –as to –es and remember the spelling change!= toques ¡No toques el piano!

Práctica del Paquete Don’t go Don’t give Don’t be nice Don’t play Don’t start Don’t take out No vayas No des No seas amable No juegues No empieces No saques

Te toca a ti… Eat more fruit! ¡Come más frutas! Sleep 8 hours a day! ¡Duerme ocho horas al día!

Te toca a ti… Don’t run in the house! ¡No corras en casa! Don’t open the book! ¡No abras el libro!