Industrial Revolution

Why is the Industrial Revolution special? Everything you own, everything you have eaten, the chair you are sitting in, the clothes you are wearing, and the school you are learning in…… – Are all a result of the Industrial Revolution

I. What is the Industrial Revolution? The creation of machines and factories to make products for us.

a. First Industrial Revolution Late 18 th Century Britain Later, to France, Belgium, Germany, then USA Inventions which began the factory system

b. It all started in Great Britain… Why? – Natural Resources Coal, Rivers (water), Iron – Political Stability Parliament (no absolute monarchy) Gov’t encouraged different enterprises No civil wars or revolutions

c. How it all began… Textile Manufacturing Fly Shuttle: able to weave thread better than 2 people with a loom Spinning Jenny: Could spindle thread even faster

d. Fly Shuttle Could spin 8 spindles at once, later 16

Water Frame Water powered mill for spinning jennys

e. Steam Engine (1829)Engine which used steam power to fuel whatever is needed Invented: Thomas Newcomen Improved: James Watt

f. The Rocket First steam power locomotive 16 mph

Steam Engines!!! Change Everything

h. Sci-Fi (People’s emotions start moving)

A whole new World!!!!

II. Second Industrial Revolution Use of Engines More Iron More railroads Internal Combustion Engine: use oil to fuel engines

a. Second Industrial Revolution Germany overtakes Britain as most industrialized nation Germany unites in 1871 with Prussia

III. Effects of the Industrial Revolution People’s Quality of Life Technology Environmental

a. Quality of Life Positive: – Cheaper Products – More food – Poor have jobs (working in factories) – Better transportation Negative: – Working Conditions awful – Poor are seen as a resource (exploitation) – Child Labor – No Family Life

b. Technology Positive: – Constant advancing technology – New Products to increase communication and transportation Negative: – Better weapons too – Better at conquering

- New forms of Transportation! (Technology Cont.) Panama Canal: – Dug by US – Allow quicker trade between Atlantic and Pacific Suez Canal: – Dug by British (UK) – Allow quicker trade from Mediterranean to Indian Ocean

c. Environment Just bad….. The worst thing to happen to the environment since the Agricultural Revolution

d. Political The world splits into two parts: Industrialized Nations – Western Europe and US – Nations with factories – Hugely powerful (economic/ military) – Lots of products to export due to factories Non-Industrialized Nations – Asia, South America, Africa – Imported products from Industrialized Nations – Exported raw materials to Industrialized nations in exchange for finished goods