1. The Industrial Revolution Begins (1750-1850) Britain Leads the Way
Name:______________ Block___
WEX II
Chapter 3, Section 2

2. Britain Leads the Way
At the end of this section, I will be able to answer the following questions:
Why was Britain the first nation to industrialize?
Why were coal and iron important to the industrial age?
How did industrialization change the textile industry?
Vocabulary: factory, turnpike

3. Britain Leads the Way Why did Britain lead the industrial revolution?
_______________ Resources
New ___________
_______________ Conditions
Political and Social Conditions

4. Britain Leads the Way What Natural resources did Britain possesses?
Large supplies of _________________ to power the steam engines
Plentiful iron to build the new machines

5. Britain Leads the Way What Human Resources did Britain possesses?
A large number of ____________were needed to mine the coal, build the factories, & run the machines
The agricultural revolution freed up many people from _______labor to do these jobs
Also, there was a population boom

6. Britain Leads the Way What New Technology did Britain possesses?
The ______________ Revolution developed many new uses of technologies in the 1700s
Britain had been the center for the Scientific Revolution
there were many skilled ___________________ ready to meet the growing demand for new practical inventions

7. Britain Leads the Way
What favorable Economic Condition existed for Britain to invest in industry?
Britain was making a great deal of money from it’s overseas _________________
As a result, Britain had ______________ to invest in other enterprises; such as mines, railroads, and factories
Also, the population explosion increased consumer ________________ for products

8. Britain Leads the Way
What Political and Social conditions existed in Britain at this time?
Britain had a ___________ government that supported economic growth
Built a strong navey to protect trade
Religious attitudes encouraged __________ and ___________ work

9. Britain Leads the Way New Technologies were needed
Britain had cleared most of it’s trees so Britain switched to _________ for fuel
Abraham _____________ of Coalbrookdale discovered that coal gave off impurities that damaged the iron and he discovered a way to remove these impurities from coal
As a result, he was able to produce better-quality & cheaper ____________

10. Britain Leads the Way
Darby’s family continued to improve the quality of iron
1799, Abraham _____________ III made the world’s first cast iron bridge
More and more uses of iron were discovered
This was key to development of the ________________ industry

11. Britain Leads the Way
There were revolutionary Changes in the Textile Industry
In the 1600s, cotton cloth was imported from ___________ and became popular in Britain
They developed the “putting out system”
Distributed raw cotton to ________ __________
These families spun it into ________________
Then they wove it into ___________________
Skilled ____________ finished & dyed the cloth

12. Britain Leads the Way
The “putting out system” became the primary way that cloth was produced
The demands for this product was growing, but the system was very ___________
This demand for increased production of cloth led to major advancements & __________________

13. Britain Leads the Way What were the major inventions?
John Kay’s _______ _____________greatly increased the speed of cloth manufacture
James Hargreaves’ _______ __________ could spin many threads at the same time
Richard Arkwright’s ___________________ used water power to speed up spinning even more

14. Britain Leads the Way What were the first factories like?
These large & expensive machines were housed in long ________________
At first, they were located next to _________________ so the stream could power the machinery
Later machines were powered by _________________ _______________

15. Britain Leads the Way What happened next?
Workers came to these long sheds to work
These sheds became known as “________”
These “factories” brought together workers and machines to produce large quantities of goods.
This was the beginning of high production manufacturing

16. Britain Leads the Way Productive factories, now what?
There is a need for rapid _______________ of raw and finished materials
In the 1700s, individuals made improvements in local transportation systems
Some capitalists invested improving the roads by creating _______________
Turnpikes are privately build roads that charged a fee to travelers who used them

17. Britain Leads the Way Some people used waterways for transportation
Some people dug ___________ to link rivers or connect inland towns to costal ports
Engineers built stronger ____________ and upgraded harbors to help the rapidly expanding ______________ trade

18. Britain Leads the Way
What land transportation invention changed the world forever?
The steam locomotive made it possible to construct ___________________
Early 1800s, George __________________ developed the steam-powered locomotive
1830, First railroad Liverpool to Manchester
1870, railroads crisscrossed in Britain, Europe, & eastern North America

19. Britain Leads the Way Steam power was added to ships
Scottish builders made the first paddle wheel ________________ to pull barges along canals
1807, Robert Fulton used Watt’s steam engine to power the __________ up the Hudson River
Steamships for ocean travel was more complicated
Coal took up most of the cargo space
By 1800s, iron hull ships could carry 10x-20x more

20. Britain Leads the Way
The Industrial Revolution started a chain reaction
Increasing _______________ led to
Inventing machines that could ______ more
Supplies of goods ________________
Prices ________________
This created even more ________________

21. Britain Leads the Way Okay, let’s see if you get it…
What is a factory?
A factory is a place where workers and machines are brought together to produce large quantities of goods
What is a turnpike?
Privately built roads that charge a fee to travel on

22. Britain Leads the Way Checkpoint
Why was Britain the first nation to industrialize?
Natural Resources
Human Resources
New Technology
Economic Conditions
Political and Social Conditions

23. Britain Leads the Way Checkpoint
Why were coal and iron important to the industrial age?
Coal & iron provided the power source and machines that made the industrial revolution possible.

24. Britain Leads the Way Checkpoint
How did industrialization change the textile industry?
Industrialization made textiles more available at a much lower price and changed the way people worked