Punctuation and Grammar in Year 3

What did the children learn in Year 2? Terminology learnt: Noun Noun phrase Statement Question Exclamation Command Compound (word) Adjective Verb Suffix Adverb Tense (past, present) Apostrophe Comma Speech marks

Terminology for Year 3 As well as recapping and consolidating the Year 2 terminology, the children will learn this new terminology. Preposition Conjunction Word family Prefix Clause Subordinate clause Direct speech Consonant Vowel Speech marks Main clause

Grammar in Year 3 Sort words into nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs. Nouns refer to a person, a place or a thing. Person – John, Fred, Jane, Mary. Place – London, Lichfield, Birmingham. Thing – table, pen, dog, carpet, stairs. The dog ran up the stairs.

Sort words into nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs. Adjectives describe the noun; they tell us what the noun is like. Children refer to these as ‘describing words’ but we need to ensure they use the correct terminology. The tasty food. The tasty, mouth-watering food.

Sort words into nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs. Verbs show the ‘doing’ or the ‘being’. Children refer to these as ‘the doing word’ but we need to ensure they use the correct terminology. The boy was running. The girl sang. Adverbs add to the verb: they state how or when the verb is done. -ly adverbs are common and used as a default by most pupils. The boy was running quickly. The girl sang sweetly.

Co-ordinating conjunctions Children need to identify and use red co-ordinating conjunctions. Red co-ordinating conjunctions are used in compound sentences. …and… …but… …or… Jane went to visit her friend and she stayed for tea. It was raining outside but the class still went out to play. The children could watch a film or they could use the computer.

Subordinating conjunctions Children need to identify and use blue subordinating conjunctions. Used in complex sentences. Start complex sentences with blue subordinating conjunctions. …because… …while… …when… …although… …so that… …until… …before… …after… Fred went to the cinema because he wanted to see the new Star Wars film. Because he wanted to see the new Star Wars film, Fred went to the cinema.

Main clause and subordinate clause Children need to identify main and subordinate clauses within complex sentences. Most sentences are made of clauses. A main clause makes sense on its own. Hannah walked off. A subordinate clause gives extra information but it doesn’t make sense on its own. Hannah walked off because she was annoyed.

Show time and place using conjunctions, using adverbs and prepositions Children need to use conjunctions to show time and place. …before… …after… …while… Before she plays netball, Katie must warm up. I watched television after I ate my dinner. While I was waiting for my friend, I read my book.

Show time and place using conjunctions, using adverbs and prepositions Children need to use adverbs to show time and place. …later… …next… …normally… …usually… Later, I will write in my diary. It is our turn next. Normally, I go to Cubs on a Tuesday. Shops are usually open every Saturday.

Show time and place using conjunctions, using adverbs and prepositions Children need to use prepositions to show time and place. Prepositions tell you where or when something happens. …on… …above… …under… …in… …over… The shoes are under the bed. John’s cup is on the table. A blackbird flew in the open window.

Paragraphing, headings and subheadings Paragraphs are used to group together sentences about the same thing. They could be grouped by: time person subject Headings tell the reader the main topic of the text. Subheadings divide the text up into smaller sections. These are usually found in non-fiction text.

Paragraphing, headings and subheadings Paragraphs Subheadings

Punctuation in Year 3 Different ways to write a question Every question should end with a question mark. Questions often start with question words. Who…? What…? Where…? When…? Why…? How…? Other ways to write questions: That is your coat, isn’t it? I have one more go, don’t I? NOTE: In the KS2 Grammar SATs test this year, the children were expected to use ‘What?’ and ‘How?’ to write questions.

Commas in complex sentences Children need to learn to use commas in complex sentences when it starts with a blue subordinating conjunctions. We need to get some dollars before we go to America. Before we go to America, we need to get some dollars. We can ask the teacher if we need help. If we need help, we can ask the teacher.

Colon Children need to identify and use colons. In year 3, they will use them in playscripts. Jane: This is our presentation on plants. Frankie: We have been learning about the parts of a plant. Jane: Here is a picture of a flowering plant.

Hyphen Children need to identify and use hyphens. A hyphen links words or parts of words. I need to de-ice the car. My great-great-grandfather fought in World War one. We have a two-year-old child.

Questions?