10.04 Notecards only

Post-war Europe flow of events

U. S. Military Intervention During Cold War to stop spread of communism – Chinese Civil War – Korean War – Vietnam War

716 The Cold War The state of hostility without DIRECT conflict Leave room for a Graphic Organizer

718 Containment The US trying to stop the spread of communism

850 The Domino Theory Idea if nation falls to communism, all the countries next to it fall. Churchill proposes “Iron Curtain” concept to contain communism

701 Israel

Under British mandate since When it ends in 1948……

Israel declares independence the next day---75% Jewish

The next day Arab countries attack. A stalemate after a year

716 Iron Curtain Imaginary line described by Churchill that divides Soviet Bloc Eastern Europe from Western Europe

718 Marshall Plan Sec of State George Marshall ---US supplied $$$ to rebuild Europe after WWII

720 Berlin Airlift A 327 day operation US and British planes flew food and supplies into West Berlin after Soviets blockade city.

721 Truman Doctrine $400,000,000 to Greece and Turkey to hold off communism from within and without champion freedom – Truman states US had a responsibility to champion freedom

722 Chinese Civil War Chinese nationalists vs communists

Chiang Kai-shek=Nationalists Mao Zedong=communists

During WWII, US gives massive military aid to Nationalists. Both stop and fight Japan Nationalist government= much corruption Many choose communists as least evil of the 2 Chinese Civil War

In retreat, nationalists go to Formosa (Taiwan) and Truman sends $400,000,000. We recognize Taiwan as the only China until Nixon! Chinese Civil War

731 Nikita Khrushchev 1953 Stalin Dies Khrushchev takes power in 1954 Believed communism would take over the world, but could be done peacefully (to appease the US) Hardcore communist, but not nearly as cruel as Stalin

733 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Secret operations Spies Started in WWII

732 Eisenhower Doctrine 1957 Declares US will USE FORCE in the Middle East against communism Justifies our troops to Lebanon

824 Fidel Castro Enemy of the US Dictator of Cuba until 2 years ago

824 Bay of Pigs Eisenhower has CIA train Cubans to invade Cuba 1400 invade—Kennedy withdraws air cover Disaster—all but 300 killed or captured Kennedy’s biggest failure right after he takes office

824 Cuban Missile Crisis

1962—CIA detects Nuclear missile in Cuba Kennedy orders blockade Kennedy demands removal or will bomb Cuba Khrushchev blinks first Khrushchev removes if US promises not to invade Cuba

….closest humanity has come (WE KNOW OF) to Nuclear Armageddon Results 1. Tensions Cool down 2. Hot Line 3. Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

Berlin Wall Prevented it’s citizens from fleeing to West Berlin and freedom When it fell, it signified the end of the Cold War

Ch 21-1 Korean War Map p. 725Map p. 725 Label - Label – Pusan – Seoul – P’yongyang – China – 38 th parallel – Inchon – Soviet Union – Yalu River

38th parallel

Limited war Not to defeat enemy, but to achieve only certain goals

Douglas MacArthur

Against limited war Guarantees Chinese won’t enter Korean War Truman fired him for being publicly critical of Limited war strategy---he wanted to invade China

Police Action

Unconstitutional to go to war without a declaration of war voted by Congress Truman bypasses congress by saying its not a war, it’s a “Police Action.”

826 Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 1963-Khrushchev a little more mellow than Stalin end 100 nations end testing of nuclear weapons

850 Geneva Accords 1954—divided Vietnam Ho Chi Minh

U2 Spyplane Embarrassed US must admit we were spying on USSR Our pilot shot down and captured Heats up the Cold War

Alliance for Progress Kennedy hoped to change our poor image in Latin American with this economic development program Resurrected our Latin American Good Neighbor Policy Was not successful