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Ancient Egyptian Civilization Social Studies
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The Big Picture Not only was Egypt growing, other civilizations were also growing. Nubia (to the south) was thriving due to gold mines and trade networks.
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New Rulers The Middle Kingdom Contact with the rest of the world increased The pharaoh’s armies conquered kingdoms in Nubia. Egyptian traders increased their businesses with cities in Western Asia People began moving.
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Hyksos Group of people from Asia that came to live in the delta region of Egypt. They were powerful enough to challenge the pharaoh. 100 years- ruled Lower Egypt Used horses, chariots, strong bronze weapons, and bows and arrows to defeat armies Egyptian leaders at Thebes continued to control Upper Egypt
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Learning from their mistakes….. Even though Egyptians were defeated by the Hyksos, they learned from this war. 1550 B.C. Egypt rallied behind Pharaoh Ahmose. With weapons and chariots copied from Hyksos, Egyptians took back the delta. Defeat began the New Kingdom. Set out to have the strongest military in this part of the world.
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Expansion and Trade Egypt becomes an EMPIRE Group of lands and people ruled by one government Nile was still important, but not the only source for the economy Egypt had valuable resources from conquered lands
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New Kingdom Traders Ships loaded with jewelry, linen cloth, and papyrus sailed to what is today Lebanon and Syria. Ships returned carrying silver, timber, and wine Remains of oil jars and paintings from what is today Greece have been found in Lower Egypt.
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KUSH KUSH- conquered by Egypt with Nubia Very wealthy and controlled rich trade routes to other African kingdoms Traded ebony, leopard skins, and elephant ivory Also owned reserves of gold, copper, and precious stones
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Hatshepsut One of the few female pharaohs Princess and wife of a pharaoh When husband died, young stepson was to become pharaoh. However, Hatshepsut proclaimed the 10 year ols was too young! She became his co-ruler.
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Hatshepsut’s Trading Journey 8 years into her reign Organized the biggest trading expedition ever Expedition-Group of people who go on a trip for a specific reason Goal was to trade with Punt
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Story of the Journey Scribes, soldiers, artists, and attendants set off east to the Red Sea. From here, five ships journeyed south. The ships were welcomed by the king and queen of Punt. Egypt traded jewelry, papyrus, and bronze weapons for gold, perfume, ivory, leopard skins, incense trees, and live apes
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The Journey Home Scribes recorded exact number of goods loaded onto each ship. WHY? Several leaders from Punt joined the Egyptians on the journey. Expedition lasted two years.
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Moving Ideas Medicine Egyptian doctors were actually priests who learned skills in temple schools For thousands of years, priests had noted different illnesses and injuries and what worked best for treatment. These became the first medical textbooks!
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Math and Science Egyptians knew a lot about Math! Used Math to understand the stars Astronomy
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Sum It UP Egypt has grown in to a rich and powerful empire!!! How did the people in this area live and how long will this empire last? WE WILL SEE!
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