1. Nutrition 7 th and 8 th Grade

2. Entry Task Based on your past knowledge… Based on your past knowledge… What benefits does good nutrition have on your body and health? What benefits does good nutrition have on your body and health? What negative effects does poor nutrition have on your body and health? What negative effects does poor nutrition have on your body and health?

3. What is Nutrition? The study of nutrients and how the body uses them. The study of nutrients and how the body uses them.

4. Why is Nutrition Important? "Let food be your medicine and medicine be your food.“ Hippocrates 400 B.C. "Let food be your medicine and medicine be your food.“ Hippocrates 400 B.C. At least 4 of the 10 leading causes of death in the U.S. — heart disease, cancer, stroke and diabetes — are directly related to the way we eat At least 4 of the 10 leading causes of death in the U.S. — heart disease, cancer, stroke and diabetes — are directly related to the way we eat The risk for developing these conditions starts in childhood The risk for developing these conditions starts in childhood

5. Good Nutrition comes down to… Balance Balance Moderation Moderation Variety Variety

6. What are Nutrients? substances in food that your body needs to function properly throughout the day. substances in food that your body needs to function properly throughout the day.

7. Types of Nutrients Nutrients that build tissue and provide energy: Carbohydrates Carbohydrates Fats Fats Proteins Proteins Nutrients that help your body run smoothly: Vitamins Minerals Water

8. Carbohydrates Most important source of energy for the body Most important source of energy for the body Your digestive system changes carbohydrates into glucose (blood sugar). Your body uses this sugar for energy for your cells, tissues, and organs. Your digestive system changes carbohydrates into glucose (blood sugar). Your body uses this sugar for energy for your cells, tissues, and organs. Extra sugar is stored in your liver and muscles for when it is needed. Extra sugar is stored in your liver and muscles for when it is needed. Two Types of Carbohydrates Complex Carbs (most of calories in diet should come from these) Complex Carbs (most of calories in diet should come from these) Simple Carbs Simple Carbs

9. Complex Carbohydrates Starches Provide lasting energy Provide lasting energy Sources: include whole grain breads and cereals, starchy vegetables and legumes Sources: include whole grain breads and cereals, starchy vegetables and legumesFiber Makes you feel full faster and helps digestion Makes you feel full faster and helps digestion Helps prevent constipation and reduces risk of colon cancer Helps prevent constipation and reduces risk of colon cancer Reduces cholesterol levels and risk of heart attack Reduces cholesterol levels and risk of heart attack Sources: whole grains, beans, nuts, fruits and vegetables Sources: whole grains, beans, nuts, fruits and vegetables

10. Simple Carbohydrates Sugars that enter the blood stream quickly and provide quick energy Sugars that enter the blood stream quickly and provide quick energy Provides calories and few vitamins and minerals Provides calories and few vitamins and minerals Sources: sugars found naturally in foods such as fruits, vegetables, milk, and milk products; also include sugars added during food processing and refining Sources: sugars found naturally in foods such as fruits, vegetables, milk, and milk products; also include sugars added during food processing and refining

11. Fats Major source of energy and aids your body in absorbing vitamins Major source of energy and aids your body in absorbing vitamins Important for proper growth and development Important for proper growth and development Provides taste to foods and helps you feel full Provides taste to foods and helps you feel full Also plays a major role in your cholesterol levels Also plays a major role in your cholesterol levels Types of Fats Unsaturated Unsaturated Saturated Saturated Trans fat Trans fat

12. Unsaturated Fat Saturated Fat GOOD Fat! GOOD Fat! Help lower blood cholesterol Help lower blood cholesterol Sources: fish, nuts, seeds and oils from plants, avocados, olives, walnuts and liquid vegetable oils such as soybean, corn, safflower, canola, olive and sunflower Sources: fish, nuts, seeds and oils from plants, avocados, olives, walnuts and liquid vegetable oils such as soybean, corn, safflower, canola, olive and sunflower BAD Fat! BAD Fat! Raise cholesterol Raise cholesterol Sources: beef, beef fat, veal, lamb, pork, lard, poultry fat, butter, cream, milk, cheeses and other dairy products made from whole and 2 percent milk Sources: beef, beef fat, veal, lamb, pork, lard, poultry fat, butter, cream, milk, cheeses and other dairy products made from whole and 2 percent milk Trans Fat VERY BAD Fat! Raise cholesterol and increase risk of heart disease Sources: vegetable shortenings, some margarines, crackers, cookies, snack foods Types of Fats

13. Proteins Builds, repairs and maintains bones, muscles and skin Builds, repairs and maintains bones, muscles and skin Food Sources Meat, dairy products, nuts and certain grains and beans Meat, dairy products, nuts and certain grains and beans You need to eat protein every day, because your body doesn't store it the way it stores fats or carbohydrates. You need to eat protein every day, because your body doesn't store it the way it stores fats or carbohydrates.

14. Knowledge Check What are “good” carbohydrates and what foods can you find them in? What are “good” carbohydrates and what foods can you find them in? What is the role of “fats” in your diet? What is the role of “fats” in your diet? What does protein do for your body? What does protein do for your body?

15. Vitamins Substances that your body needs to grow and develop normally and that fight infection Substances that your body needs to grow and develop normally and that fight infection The best way to get enough vitamins is to eat a balanced diet with a variety of foods The best way to get enough vitamins is to eat a balanced diet with a variety of foods In some cases, you may need to take a daily multivitamin for optimal health. However, high doses of some vitamins can make you sick. In some cases, you may need to take a daily multivitamin for optimal health. However, high doses of some vitamins can make you sick.

16. Minerals Regulate body processes: Regulate body processes: - building bones - making hormones - regulating heartbeat The best way to get the minerals your body needs is by eating a wide variety of foods. The best way to get the minerals your body needs is by eating a wide variety of foods. In some cases, your doctor may recommend a mineral supplement.

17. Important Vitamins and Minerals Vitamin A – healthy skin and normal vision Vitamin A – healthy skin and normal vision Vitamin C – healthy teeth, gums, bones; helps heal wounds and fight infection Vitamin C – healthy teeth, gums, bones; helps heal wounds and fight infection Calcium – builds strong bones and teeth Calcium – builds strong bones and teeth Iron – helps transport oxygen through the bloodstream Iron – helps transport oxygen through the bloodstream Sodium - helps keep proper body fluid balance; helps the body transmit electrical signals through nerves Sodium - helps keep proper body fluid balance; helps the body transmit electrical signals through nerves

18. Water Helps digest and absorb food Helps digest and absorb food Regulates body temperature and blood circulation Regulates body temperature and blood circulation Carries nutrients and oxygen to other cells Carries nutrients and oxygen to other cells Flushes toxins out of vital organs Flushes toxins out of vital organs Provides a moist environment for ear, nose and throat tissues Provides a moist environment for ear, nose and throat tissues Lubricates joints Lubricates joints

19. Out with the Pyramid, in with the Plate!

20. My Plate Consumer Messages Make half of your plate fruits and veggies Make half of your plate fruits and veggies Make at least half of your grains whole grains Make at least half of your grains whole grains Switch to fat-free or low-fat milk Switch to fat-free or low-fat milk