1. Parliament Limits the English Monarchy
Chapter 5 Section 5

2. How did the people (especially in France) view a government under an absolute ruler?

3. Monarchs Defy Parliament
James I
1603- becomes king of England,
already King James IV of Scotland
Argues over money with
Parliament
Puritans hoped he would
enact reforms to purify English
church of Catholic practices;
James refused

4. Monarchs Defy Parliament
Charles I
1625- becomes king of
England after his father’s
(James I) death
Needed money from Parliament
to pay for war with Spain
and France
Dissolved Parliament when
they did not agree to grant him money
1628- Parliament agreed to grant
Charles money if he signed the Petition of Right

5. 1628-Petition of Right
1. Charles I would not imprison subjects without due cause.
2. He would not levy taxes without Parliament’s consent.
3. He would not house soldiers in private homes.
4. He would not impose martial law in peacetime.
Charles refused to follow the petition and dissolved Parliament in 1629.

6. Why was the Petition of Right important even though King Charles I ignored it?

7. English Civil War
1641- Parliament passed laws to limit royal power; Charles arrested leaders in 1642
English Civil War
Royalists (Cavaliers)- remained loyal to the king
Puritan supporters of Parliament (Roundheads)- opposed the king

8. English Civil War 1647-Oliver Cromwell and the New Model Army
defeated Cavaliers and
held Charles I prisoner
1649- Parliament brought
Charles to trial for treason
against Parliament;
found guilty and executed
This was the first time a reigning monarch faced public trial and execution.

9. Oliver Cromwell’s Rule
1649- Cromwell took power
in England.
Abolished monarchy and
the House of Lords and became a
military dictator.
Passed laws that promoted Puritan
morality and abolished activities that
they thought sinful- i.e. theater, sporting
events, dancing, etc.
Favored religious toleration for all
Christians except Catholics

10. How was Cromwell’s rule similar to an absolute monarchy?

11. Restoration and Revolution
1658- Cromwell died;
English people sick of military
rule
1659- Charles II voted
by Parliament to rule England;
monarchy restored
1679- passed Habeas
Corpus Act
Gave every prisoner the right
to obtain a writ or document ordering
that the prisoner be brought before a judge to
specify the charges

12. Restoration and Revolution
1685- James II becomes
king (Catholic)
Violated English law
by appointing Catholics
to office
Dissolved Parliament
when protest resulted

13. Glorious Revolution Parliament invited James’ daughter Mary and her
husband William of Orange
(prince of the Netherlands) to
overthrow James’ rule for the
sake of Protestantism.
1688-Glorious Revolution
William led army to London
and James fled to France
Bloodless overthrow

14. Limits on Monarch’s Power
William and Mary vowed to recognize Parliament as their partner in governing.
England was now a constitutional monarchy (laws limited the ruler’s power).

15. Limits on Monarch’s Power
English Bill of Rights- lists what a ruler could not do
No suspending of Parliament’s laws
No levying of taxes without a specific grant from Parliament
No interfering with freedom of speech in Parliament
No penalty for a citizen who petitions the king about grievances
Cabinet System
Acted in the ruler’s name but represented the majority party of Parliament
Prime minister- leader of the majority party in Parliament- same system used today

16. In what ways were the English Bill of Rights similar to the United States’ Bill of Rights?