1. The Road to Revolution
Chapter 6 p

2. Warm Up Activity
Look at page 158 in your textbooks. Read the sequencing events section.
Copy this graphic organizer in your notebook. Start off with the Proclamation of We will revisit this later.
Why did the Proclamation of 1763 anger the colonists?
Was Britain’s increase in taxation the result of war debt, or was it an attempt to achieve greater control over the colonists? Explain your answer.

3. Tighter British Control
REMEMBER--the American Revolution did not happen over night: It was a culmination of many events over a number of years!
The colonists WERE British citizens--required to follow all British laws
French and Indian War
At first, colonists were proud to fight side by side with their British brothers
When war ended, problems arose

4. Problems caused by French and Indian war
1. Britain wanted to govern the colonies and newly acquired territories the same way
This is after they allowed the colonies relative independence for over a hundred years--colonists felt their freedom was being limited
2. Proclamation of 1763
Britain forbade the colonists from settling west of the Appalachian mountains. This was Native American land--wanted to prevent rebellion
Colonists wanted to move and make money. This upset the colonists who made investments in the Ohio River Valley--Most ignored the law
3. Britain accumulated a huge war debt
Owed their own government and the Dutch: Total of million dollars!!
Expected the colonists to help pay this debt off

5. Proclamation of 1763

6. Britain’s Response
Britain needed to enforce the laws the colonists were ignoring
King George III--kept 10,000 soldiers in the colonies
Leftover from the F & I war
Main job--enforce the Proclamation and keep peace with the natives
British parliament passed: Quartering Act
General Thomas Gage (commander and chief of British North American forces) could not get colonists to pay for supplies and housing for the troops

7. Quartering Act cont.. Parliament passed the law in 1765
Colonists were required to give up their quarters, or houses, to British soldiers
Also had to feed them, and provide them with supplies
Colonists did not like this law at all
Can you blame them???

8. Quartering Act

9. King George III

10. Britain Taxes the Colonists
Taxes were nothing new to the colonists
They’ve paid taxes before
But, this was different
In the past, the king would ask the colonists to pay taxes
Now, Parliament voted to tax the “Americans” directly

11. Sugar Act 1764: Parliament passed this law
Placed a tax on sugar, molasses
Harsh punishment for those colonists who tried to avoid the tax
SMUGGLERS!!! Many colonists turned towards smuggling to avoid paying taxes
This law angered the colonists
They did not have a say in this tax
“Taxation without representation is tyranny!”
-James Otis
The British reacted differently
Colonists were subjects of Britain, and subject to taxation

12. Stamp Act
1765: Parliament passed this act specifically for the American colonies
This law required any printed paper to have an official stamp on it
Diplomas, contracts, wills, newspapers, books--any printed paper
Had to pay for it in silver coins--silver was rare
Totally new kind of tax for the colonists
They felt it was an attempt to quiet their right of speech
This tax hit all colonists--not just merchants

13. Stamp Act

14. Stamp Act

15. Stamp Act

16. Colonists React
The Sugar Act increased tensions between the British and Americans (and Americans and Americans)
The Stamp Act forced the colonists to react
They had no say, no representation in Parliament to speak on their behalf
But, they never really wanted a say or a voice..hmmmm
With representation in Parliament, there would be no need for Independence
If Parliament could pass this, what else could they pass??
Some felt this way, others felt differently

17. Colonists React cont… Some colonists called for resistance to the tax
Patrick Henry--Virginia House of Burgesses
Samuel Adams--Massachusetts legislator
Others felt that resistance was treason
After all, they were British citizens, required to follow British laws

18. Patrick Henry

19. Samuel Adams

20. Protests!!!
Protests: colonial leaders felt they were being unfairly taxed by Parliament
Through songs, chants, posters, refusal to pay.
Some were peaceful, some were not
Newspapers read, “No taxation without representation!”
Stamp Act Congress
Met in NYC
Delegates wrote a petition to the king
It said that colonists had the right to tax each other, not Parliament
1st time the colonies acted together
Boycott: colonists refusal to buy English goods

21. Protests cont… Sons of Liberty
Secret organization formed to oppose British policies through protests
Some protest were not peaceful
Started in NYC or Boston,
Lawyers, merchants, craftsmen--workers and tradesmen
Protested the Stamp Act
Samuel Adams, and Paul Revere led the Mass. Sections
Non-violent protests
Burned the stamped paper whenever they could
Ignored the law, or refused to pay the tax
Violent protests
Tarred and feathered royal tax collectors
Vandalized their homes and possessions
By 1765, this group existed in all the colonies

22. Tarred and Feathered

23. Tarred and Feathered

24. Support From England William Pitt Parliament??? Declaratory Act
Leader of Parliament
Spoke out against the Stamp Act
Supported the Americans
Page 162
Parliament???
Repealed the Stamp Act in 1766
Saw that it was a mistake
But…there was a catch
Declaratory Act

25. Stamp Act Repealed

26. Declaratory Act Law passed by Parliament in 1766
Passed after the Stamp Act was repealed
Stated that Parliament had “supreme authority to govern the colonies.”
Colonists ignored this and celebrated their victory
Stamp Act repealed
Declaratory Act continued the struggle for control
Parliament vs. Colonies

27. Stamp Act Satire

28. Satire
1. The dates on the skulls above the vault in which the coffin will be interred refer to uprisings by the Jacobites, supporters of King James after the Glorious Revolution of 1688, who continued to believe that the king's authority came from God, not Parliament.
2. The procession is led by Dr. William Scott, who, under the name Anti-Sejanus, published letters in support of the Stamp Act in London's Public Advertiser. He is followed by Solicitor-General Wedderburn and Attorney General Norton, mockingly referred to as "Two Pillars of the Law." They are followed by Lord Grenville, carrying the coffin, and Lord Bute, who, along with other ministers, is weeping.
3. In the background, A statue of William Pitt, celebrated as a defender of the colonists, is being loaded for sail to America on the ships in the harbor, Conway, Rockingham, and Grafton, ministers who had effected repeal of the Act. The numbers 122 and 250 on the small loading vessels refer to the votes for repeal in the House of Lords and House of Commons.
4. The numbers on the black flags, 71 and 122, refer to the number of votes against repeal of the Stamp Act in the House of Lords and Commons.