1. Classical Art
Greece and Rome
1300B.C.-500A.D.

2. Roman Art The Organizers
The poet Horace noted the irony: “Conquered Greece,” he wrote. “took her rude captor captive.”
Later, however, Romans put their own spin on Greek art and philosophy. Having founded the greatest empire the world had ever known, they added managerial talents: organization and efficiency. Roman art is less idealized and more intellectual than Classical Greek, more secular and functional. And, where the Greeks shined at innovation, the Romans’ forte was administration. Wherever their generals marched, they brought the civilizing influence of law and the practical benefits of roads, bridges, sewers, and aqueducts.

3. Do you recognize this picture?
What do you know about the Romans?

4. Objectives
Identify the inspiration behind much of roman architecture and art.
Identify the differences between Greek and Roman art
List some of the innovations of the Romans
Identify some examples of Roman art and architecture

5. Behavioral Expectation
Raise your hand to make a comment or ask a question
No side conversations, please
Active listening

6. Where in the world is Rome?

7. Roman Art
The Romans became the heirs to Greek art but made important contributions of their own
Shading, shadow, reflected light
Portraiture
First to use the Arch
First to use the concrete

8. Differences between Greek and Roman Art
The Greeks preferred Idealistic portraits: the Romans wanted theirs to be realistic.
Greek portraits were designed for public monuments; Roman portraits served private needs.
The Romans thought the character could best be depicted through facial expressions; the Greeks thought a sculpture of a head or bust (head and shoulders) is incomplete.

9. Aphrodite
Cato and Portia

10. Review Greek Idealized conformed to the perfect proportion. Roman
realistic
portrait
Greek Idealized conformed to the perfect proportion.

11. Mural painting
Wealthy Romans lived in luxurious homes with marble walls and mosaics on the floors and numerous works of art
They did not like to hang paintings on the walls so they hired artists to paint murals.
A mural is a large picture painted directly on the wall.

12. Bedroom from the Villa of P. Fannius Synistor
Pompeii

13. Pompeii

14. Roman Innovations

15. The Baker and his Wife

16. Roman Architecture Innovations
The round arch was an improvement on post and lintel construction because it allowed a wider space to be bridged.
An arch needs the support of another arch or wall to prevent it from collapsing, for this reason the Romans created a series of smaller arches to replace the single large arch
Concrete had been used in the near East for some time but the Romans were the first to make extensive use of it.
The arch + concrete + large scale buildings

17. Roman arch An arch is made of a number of cut stones or bricks.
Arches were constructed by holding stones in place with a wooden form until a keystone, or top stone of the arch could be placed in position

18. Domes
Pantheon
Wherever the Roman legions went, they introduced the arch and the use of concrete in architecture. With these they constructed great domes and vaults over their buildings.

19. PANTHEON Made of brick and concrete Diameter of dome is 144 feet
3 zones
the lowest has 7 niches(recesses
in the wall)
next 12 signs of the zodiac
the dome represents heaven and
is covered with coffers, or
indented panels. The coffers
reduce the weight of the wall.
Well illuminated through a round opening at the top (30 ft. across)
To solve the problem posed by rain the floor is raised slightly in the center/ formed shallow depression directly under the opening creates a drainage system to carry the water away.
PANTHEON

20. Aqueducts
Aqueducts demonstrate the Romans’ ability to combine engineering skills with a knowledge of architectural form.
An aqueduct, a system that carried water from mountain streams into cities by using gravitational flow, was constructed by placing a series of arches next to each other so they would support each other.

21. Roman Aqueducts

22. The Barrel Vault: a series of arches.
2 types of Vaults
The Barrel Vault: a series of arches.
The groin vault: two intersecting arches.

23. 4 stories of stone, brick and concrete
The colosseum
4 stories of stone, brick and concrete
Holes between pilasters for poles which supported a canvas awning to protect spectators form sun and rain
Top level Corinthian pilasters , flat, rectangular columns attached to a wall
Corinthian columns
2nd level Ionic columns
Lowest level, Doric
Arch on 1st 3 levels

24. Constantine Legalized Christianity
Moved the Capital of Rome from Rome to Byzantium.
He changed the name from Byzantium to Constantinople.

25. Baths 2.groin vault 3. Pilasters 4. Niches 5. Coffers 6. Basilica
Lesson Quiz 9-2 Match each item in the left column with the correct description in the right column
A. recesses in a wall
B. a heavily decorated arch used for processions after a n important victory
C. indented panels
D. a functional building made to hold large numbers of people
E. Flat, rectangular columns attached to a wall
F. a long, wide center aisle inside a basilica
G. when two barrel vaults meet at right angles
H. enclosed structures that contained libraries, lecture rooms, gymnasiums, shop, and walkways
i. the semicircular area at the end of the nave.
Baths
2.groin vault
3. Pilasters
4. Niches
5. Coffers
6. Basilica
7. Nave
8. Apse
9. triumphal arch

26. Assignment 3/20 Trace egg shape on paper Cut out
Happy
Easter!!!
Assignment 3/20
Trace egg shape on paper
Cut out
Decorate using your choice of the following media: markers, colored pencils, water color, construction paper
How to draw sheets on rabbits, chicks, lambs, and birds available