1. Conquering, Copying, Innovating

2. Time approx. 753 B.C. Romulus and Remus were twin brothers who, in Legend, are the founders of Rome Romulus and Remus, outcasts themselves called for the outcasts of nearby to join in and create their own city.

4. Drainage systems evolved slowly, and began primarily as a means to drain marshes and storm runoff. The sewers were mainly for the removal of surface drainage and underground water It is estimated that the first sewers of ancient Rome were built between 800 and 735 BC. Sewers

5. Roman roads They were constructed with a combination of dirt, gravel and bricks made from granite or hardened volcanic lava. The roads sloped on the sides to allow for water runoff into the sewer system Romans created the first known system of roads. Roads created a connection between the vast and growing empire.

6. Concrete Roman concrete consists of aggregate, lime and mortar. The aggregate varied, and included pieces of volcanic rock, ceramic tile, and brick rubble from the remains of previously demolished buildings. Reinforcing elements, such as steel rebar, were not used.

7. Arch Keystone- the top stone of the arch With the use of a Keystone, the round arch can be formed. Barrel Vault- series of round arches to form a tunnel Groin Vault- meeting of two Barrel Vaults at a right angle

8. Aqueducts The invention of arches allowed for less materials to be used but still allow for large structures to be built. Aqueducts have a gradual slope: water, from mountains or streams, could be transported over miles of terrain into the local city.

9. Civic Pride Building for public recreation and enjoyment

10. Baths Vast enclosed structures that contain libraries, lecture rooms, gymnasiums, shops, restaurants, and pleasant walk ways; as well as public hygiene facilities

11. Arenas and Amphitheaters Greek influences are found within the Colosseum, Doric, Ionic and Corinthian Columns are all used. Doric 1 st, Ionic 2 nd and Corinthian on the 3 rd Layer

12. Triumphal Monuments Trajan’s Column Roman Triumphal Arch

13. The Pantheon The Temple to All Gods It has the world's largest unreinforced concrete dome. The different aggregate within the concrete keeps the dome lighter at the top and more durable at the base.

14. These indented panels are called coffers. Coffers allow for less building material to be used, thus allowing for the dome to be lighter.

15. Roman Art Propaganda, Realism and Beauty

16. Mosaics and Murals Romans used Mosaics and Murals to decorate public and private buildings. Murals were painted on the walls and depicted landscapes, scenery and even false statues, giving the illusion of continuous space.

17. Romans used Idealism for Propaganda They used Realism in Portrait Sculpture