Chapter 2 – The Chemistry of Life. Atoms = basic unit of matter Made up of: 1. protons (+) 2.neutrons (Ø) 3.electrons (-) Elements = a substance that.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 2 – The Chemistry of Life

Atoms = basic unit of matter Made up of: 1. protons (+) 2.neutrons (Ø) 3.electrons (-) Elements = a substance that is just 1 type of atom Periodic table organizes them 

Chemical compound = substance formed at least 2 elements its formula is just short hand Ex. H 2 O NaCl C 6 H 12 O 6 Carbon is the basis for the building blocks of life Benzene

Each is made up of… Monomers = the smaller units Polymers = the larger resulting unit Our 4 major carbon building blocks are: 1.Carbs 2.Lipids 3.Nucleic acids 4. Proteins

CarbsLipidsNucleic AcidsProteins What are their jobs? Source of energy for living things Monosaccharides – small units Polysaccharides – larger units Ex. Glucose Ex. Cellulose Not soluble in water Help store energy Ex. Fats Ex. Oils Ex. Waxes Made up of 3 part nucleotide 1.5-carbon sugar 2.2. phosphate group 3. nitrogen base Contains genetic info 2 types: RNA & DNA Made up of amino acids (aa) 20 different aa Jobs: Builds muscles/bones Control reaction rates

Reactants = the chemicals we start with Products = the chemicals produced Chemical reaction = changing 1 set of chemicals into another just involve changes in chemical bonds

What reaction is this? What are the products? What are the reactants?

Catalyst = speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction Enzymes = proteins that act as catalysts specifically in cells