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A subgroup of biochemistry
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY A subgroup of biochemistry
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Carbon Compounds Organic – Molecules which contain Carbon - Hydrogen bonds. Ex. Carbohydrates, Fats
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Macromolecules Monomer- a molecule (or unit) used as building blocks in the formation of polymers. Polymer – a large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together.
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4 types of ORGANIC compounds
Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids
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Carbohydrates Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Sub-units are simple sugars Monosaccharides and Polysaccharides Ratio is 1:2:1 (1 carbon, 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen) ex. C6H Glucose Examples: Cellulose, Starch, Glycogen Function: main source of energy
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LIPIDS – (a.k.a. FATS) Sub-units – Glycerol and 3 fatty acids
Similar to Carbs, except: Ratios of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen are NOT 1:2:1 Examples: Animal Fat (C57H110O6), Cooking oil Function: 1. Store energy 2. body insulation
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PROTEINS Large Complex polymers composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorous Sub-units: AMINO ACIDS Functions: (on the next slide) Examples: Enzymes, Hemoglobin, Insulin, Chlorophyll
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5 functions of proteins Proteins are important in the contracting of muscle tissue Transporting oxygen in the blood stream Providing immunity Regulating other proteins Carrying out chemical reactions
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NUCLEIC ACID Macromolecule that stores cellular information
Sub-units: nucleotides Examples – DNA & RNA Functions: Store and transmit genetic information.
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