Ch11 Cultural Contributions 11.2 Science. 1. Intellect -ability to learn and reason -Greeks studied laws of nature and loved wisdom (philosophia)

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Presentation transcript:

Ch11 Cultural Contributions 11.2 Science

1. Intellect -ability to learn and reason -Greeks studied laws of nature and loved wisdom (philosophia)

2. Philosophers -search for knowledge and wisdom -Socrates -philosopher and teacher -one of history’s most influential people -interested in thought process – people could discover truth if they knew how to think

-developed the Socratic Method -some felt he was dangerous because they did not like self-examination -made people realize their mistakes -accused of crimes against Athens -399 BC tried by jury of 500, found guilty, drank poison -Greeks later built a statue to honor him -left no written records

-Plato -student of Socrates -set up the Academy (school – lasted 900 years) -trained government leaders -believed in order -wise and good should rule (most educated) -did not trust lower class -wrote The Republic -political science

-believed in truth -wrote The Dialogues -truth & loyalty -self questioning

-Aristotle -student under Plato at the Academy -“the master of them that know” -use senses to discover laws that govern the physical world -1 st to classify plants and animals -founded his own school -wrote 200 books -developed syllogism

3. Scientists -discoveries and inventions -natural events were not caused by the way the gods behaved -Thales of Miletus - from Ionia -scientific method -collect information -form hypotheses *added by Aristotle – test to see if correct -predicted eclipse of the sun 585 BC

-Hippocrates -“Father of Scientific Medicine” -perfect doctor -diagnosed illnesses, cured people -believed diseases came from natural causes not evil spirits -wrote set of rules for how doctors should use their skills to treat patients (Hippocratic Oath)