1. The Greek Mind Chapter 10.2

2. Greek Thinkers 500 B.C. to 350 B.C was known as the Golden Age of Greece. Art, architecture, literature, and philosophy thrived Philosophy is a Greek word meaning “love of wisdom”

3. The Sophists Sophists were teachers that traveled from one polis to another. They taught all subjects, including rhetoric, the art of speaking and debate. Didn’t believe the gods had power over humans Challenged Greek traditions Taught winning was better than seeking the truth

4. Socrates Lived in Athens and trained to be a sculptor Loved philosophy and teaching Believed in absolute truth and knowledge is in everyone Didn’t leave written records but students wrote about him Asked questions as teaching strategy – Socratic method Wanted students to question and think for themselves

6. Socrates After Peloponnesian War, open debate wasn’t trusted in Athens Leaders feared his influence Arrested in 399 B.C. and charged with encouraging the young to rebel Found guilty and sentenced to death by poison He was given the opportunity to leave Athens, but refused saying he had to follow the law.

8. Plato Student of Socrates Quit career in government after death of Socrates Became a teacher and founded the Academy in Athens Wrote The Republic, plan for society and government Wanted philosopher kings to rule Didn’t think common people could think for themselves Believed women should have more rights

9. Aristotle 335 B.C. started the Lyceum school Taught the “golden mean”, live moderately His methods of studying science influenced modern science Wrote Politics, a book on government Believed best government had features of monarchy, oligarchy, and democracy Influenced later governments including the U.S. Alexander the Great was his student

10. Greeks and History Herodotus –435 B.C. wrote a history of the Persians Wars –“Father of history” –Researched the events and questioned many people –Still believed gods played a role in events Thucydides –Wrote The History of the Peloponnesian War –Believed on people made history –Wanted eyewitness accounts –Believed one could learn from mistakes of the past

11. The First Scientists Believed natural events could be explained by logic Thales studied astronomy Pythagoras believed every relationship could be expressed in numbers. Pythagorean Theorem

12. Ancient Greek Medicine Hippocrates – “father of medicine” Believed disease was from natural causes Traveled all over Greece treating the sick Hippocratic Oath – list of rules for doctors on how to treat patients Doctors today use the Hippocratic Oath