Civil Rights Movement

Definitions Civil Disobedience-Refusal to obey civil laws in an effort to induce change in governmental policy or legislation, characterized by the use of passive resistance or other nonviolent means. Civil Disobedience-Refusal to obey civil laws in an effort to induce change in governmental policy or legislation, characterized by the use of passive resistance or other nonviolent means. Non-violent resistance-Not passive, but behaving in a non-violent manner when approached or provoked Non-violent resistance-Not passive, but behaving in a non-violent manner when approached or provoked Segregation-to separate people according to race Segregation-to separate people according to race

Amendments 13th-Abolished slavery 13th-Abolished slavery 14th-guaranteed all citizens equal protection under the law 14th-guaranteed all citizens equal protection under the law 15th-right to vote regardless of race 15th-right to vote regardless of race

Plessy v. Ferguson Plessy v. Ferguson: In June of 1892 Homer Plessy was jailed for sitting in the “white” car of the East Louisiana Railroad Company after identifying himself as black, in response to Louisiana passing the Separate Car Act Plessy v. Ferguson: In June of 1892 Homer Plessy was jailed for sitting in the “white” car of the East Louisiana Railroad Company after identifying himself as black, in response to Louisiana passing the Separate Car Act Plessy’s case went all the way to the Supreme Court, where his lawyer argued that separate cars violated the 13 th and 14 th amendments Plessy’s case went all the way to the Supreme Court, where his lawyer argued that separate cars violated the 13 th and 14 th amendments The Plessy v. Ferguson case stated that separate but equal public facilities were constitutional The Plessy v. Ferguson case stated that separate but equal public facilities were constitutional Jim Crow laws were enforced Jim Crow laws were enforced

NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Created by W.E.B. Dubois in 1909 Created by W.E.B. Dubois in 1909 Fights for equality Fights for equality

Brown v. Board of Education Seven year old Linda Brown has to travel thru a train switch yard to get to the bus stop to take her to the “black” school, even though there was a “white” school only a few blocks from her house Seven year old Linda Brown has to travel thru a train switch yard to get to the bus stop to take her to the “black” school, even though there was a “white” school only a few blocks from her house With help from the NAACP, Linda’s father fights the system With help from the NAACP, Linda’s father fights the system Landmark case that decided that segregation in public schools is illegal-May 17, 1954 Landmark case that decided that segregation in public schools is illegal-May 17, 1954

Thurgood Marshall Lawyer who fought for Linda Brown Lawyer who fought for Linda Brown First African American Supreme Court Justice First African American Supreme Court Justice

Martin Luther King Jr. Southern Baptist minister who promoted non- violent methods of protest Southern Baptist minister who promoted non- violent methods of protest Was arrested 38 times in his quest for equality Was arrested 38 times in his quest for equality Constant death threats, as well as bomb threats at his home Constant death threats, as well as bomb threats at his home Was assassinated at age 38 Was assassinated at age 38

Marches People marched in protest over many of the issues faced by African Americans People marched in protest over many of the issues faced by African Americans Police used dogs to quell civil unrest Police used dogs to quell civil unrest Fire hoses were turned on young civil rights demonstrators

March on Washington 1963 This was a peaceful demonstration to promote Civil Rights and economic equality for African Americans

March on Washington 1963 The event was highlighted by King's "I Have a Dream" speech in front of the Lincoln Memorial. August 28, 1963

Civil Rights Act of 1964 New law that made it illegal for restaurants, hotels, hospitals, and other public places to discriminate against people on the basis of race New law that made it illegal for restaurants, hotels, hospitals, and other public places to discriminate against people on the basis of race Other new laws made it illegal to deny equal housing opportunities, and to charge a poll tax or otherwise keep minorities from voting (24 th amendment to the U.S. Constitution) Other new laws made it illegal to deny equal housing opportunities, and to charge a poll tax or otherwise keep minorities from voting (24 th amendment to the U.S. Constitution) Pushed through by Lyndon Baines Johnson Pushed through by Lyndon Baines Johnson