1. Race Relations s

2. Segregation Progressivism ≠ end of segregation In the South
Whites intimidated African Americans
Even killed them (lynching)
Blacks could not use public facilitates that Whites could use
Libraries, schools, restaurants, water fountains to name just a FEW
Jim Crow Era (“separate but equal”)

3. Other Discrimination Literacy tests for voting Poll taxes
Lack of educational opportunities
All of this we will cover in-depth during our Civil Rights unit at the end of the year

4. Why was the enrollment of Blacks in schools practically non-existent in 1862?
What is one thing that always remains the same on the graph?

7. 14th Amendment and Plessy v. Ferguson
Remember the 14th amendment? What did it say?
Equal protection under the law for U.S. citizens (no state can make a law denying equal protection)
Well, then why was it legal to separate blacks?

8. Plessy v. Ferguson 1896
Plessy v. Ferguson = Supreme Court said African Americans were separate but equal
1892
New Orleans
Homer Plessy, an African American tried to board a whites-only railroad car and was arrested
Plessy challenged his arrest, citing it violated the 14th Amendment
It went the whole way to the Supreme Crt

9. Plessy results 1896
Supreme Court said African Americans were equal under the law per the 14th amend.
But “separate” treatment of them was constitutional
Ushered in start of Jim Crow Era
Separate but equal doctrine was not over-turned until 1950s!!
Anyone know the famous case that over-turned it?

10. W.E.B. DuBois
Around this time men like DuBois started fighting Jim Crow laws and their impact on African Americans
Founded NAACP (National Assoc. for the Advancement of Colored People)
Education was of great importance to him
However, believed education was meaningless without equality under the law
Proponent of a classic liberal arts educations for African Americas

11. Booker T. Washington
Unlike DuBois, he believed education played the largest role in African American success
Equality = secondary role
Proponent of vocational education
He accepted social separation as long as African Americans had access to educational and vocational opportunities

12. The Great Migration
Movement of ~ 6 million African Americans out of South
Moved to Northeast, West, and Mid-West