1. Civil Rights Movement

2. Beginnings Plessy vs. Ferguson- Jim Crow Laws-
Court that upheld the idea that facilities that were separate but equal were constitution
Jim Crow Laws-
Laws that segregated blacks from white society

3. NAACP Founded by W.E.B. Debois Fought for black equality
Hired Thurgood Marshall, who was a black lawyer, to argue in court for school integration- Brown vs. Board of Education
He won, and was later appointed to the supreme court justice, the first black to do so

4. Thurgood Marshall

5. Brown vs. Board of Education
Declared that separate educational centers for black and white was unconstitutional
Eventually led to the decision that all separate facilities was a violation of the Equal protection clause in the fourteenth amendment and the Declaration of Independence statement
“no state shall ... deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.“
“all men are created equal”

6. Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott
Rosa Parks was a black woman who boarded a bus in Montgomery, Alabama and sat in the front row
When riding public transportation blacks were required to sit in the back of the bus, whether there was a white person sitting up front or not
She refused to move, she was arrested
A boycott of the bus system in Montgomery was born, most of the buses in Montgomery were forced to stop running because there was not enough people riding them

7. Rosa Parks

8. Martin Luther King Jr. Became a leading force against segregation
Modeled his teachings after Gandhi, non violence would win over violence
Violence would only stoop to the level of the whites they were fighting against
King will be arrested 30 times by the time he dies at 38, his house will be bombed several times, and he received constant death threats

9. Martin Luther King Jr.

10. Sit-In’s Non-violent protest
Blacks would enter white only restaurants and sit at the counter
They would not leave without being forcibly evicted or arrested
Endured endless abuse by the whites
Were told to be polite, not fight back and not resist arrest

12. March of Washington
President Kennedy was pushing for a civil rights bill in Congress
In support 500,000 black Americans march on Washington
Gathered at the Lincoln Memorial and the Reflection Pool

14. Enforcing Brown Vs. Board of Education
Federal law made state segregation illegal
Most schools did not quickly integrate their schools
Some cities responded by closing their public schools rather than integrating
Federal troops were called in to require schools to integrate
Police were often called in to escort black students to their classes.

16. Ole Miss University protested the integration, 200 students were arrested during the following riots

17. Voter Registration
Several white and black voter registrars went into the south to register blacks
Endured death threats and arrests

18. Police Tactics during demonstrations

19. Civil Rights Acts Voting Rights Act of 1965
Civil Rights Act of 1968
Public Segregation in restaurants and buses
Fair housing for blacks
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Outlawed discriminatory voting practices
24th Amendment-
Banned Poll Taxes

20. Martin Luther King Jr. Assassinated
King traveled to Memphis to deliver a speech for industry workers to get higher wages and better treatment
While standing on the balcony of his hotel, a shot was fired from across the street
The bullet entered his cheek, went thru his spine and lodged in his shoulder
After open chest surgery we was pronounced dead at the hospital