SIX TYPES OF GOVERNMENTS

Standards SS7CG4 The student will compare and contrast various forms of government. SS7CG4 The student will compare and contrast various forms of government. Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, and federal. Describe the ways government systems distribute power: unitary, confederation, and federal. Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic. Explain how governments determine citizen participation: autocratic, oligarchic, and democratic. Describe the two predominant forms of democratic governments: parliamentary and presidential. Describe the two predominant forms of democratic governments: parliamentary and presidential.

Essential Questions What are the forms of power-sharing in government? What are the forms of power-sharing in government? What are the different levels of citizen participation? What are the different levels of citizen participation?

What is Government? How society makes and enforces public policies. How society makes and enforces public policies. The purpose of government The purpose of government Order Order Stability Stability Growth Growth Examples: Examples: Taxation Taxation Defense Defense Education Education Crime Crime Health Health

SIX TYPES OF GOVERNMENT 1. Unitary – the central government holds nearly all the power Saudi Arabia is a monarchy (King) and is an example of unitary government Saudi Arabia is a monarchy (King) and is an example of unitary government 2. Confederation – local government has all the power League of Arab States or OPEC is an example League of Arab States or OPEC is an example

SIX TYPES OF GOVERNMENT 3. Federal government – power is shared between different levels of government Israel is an example Israel is an example 4. Autocratic government – the ruler has absolute power to do whatever he wishes and enforces whatever laws he chooses Saudi Arabia is an example Saudi Arabia is an example

SIX TYPES OF GOVERNMENT 5. Oligarchy – “government by the few”; a small group takes over the government and makes all the decisions Syria is an example Syria is an example 6. Democratic government – a great deal of power is left in the hands of the people; decisions are made by majority votes Israel is an example Israel is an example

Two types of Democratic Governments Parliamentary form of democratic government – the people elect a Parliament that makes and carries out the laws for the country Parliamentary form of democratic government – the people elect a Parliament that makes and carries out the laws for the country The leader is called a Prime Minister and is the head of the government; he is chosen by the party that has the majority representatives in Parliament The leader is called a Prime Minister and is the head of the government; he is chosen by the party that has the majority representatives in Parliament There is usually a “King” or “Queen” that has no power There is usually a “King” or “Queen” that has no power

Two types of Democratic Governments Presidential form of democratic government – a President is chosen separately from the legislature Presidential form of democratic government – a President is chosen separately from the legislature Legislature passes the laws, the President makes sure they are enforced Legislature passes the laws, the President makes sure they are enforced The President is Head of State and head of the government The President is Head of State and head of the government

NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS OF SWA

Standards SS7CG5: The student will explain the structures of the national governments of SW Asia (Middle East) SS7CG5: The student will explain the structures of the national governments of SW Asia (Middle East) a. Compare the parliamentary democracy of the State of Israel, the monarchy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the theocracy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, distinguishing the form of leadership and the role of the citizen in terms of voting rights and personal freedoms. a. Compare the parliamentary democracy of the State of Israel, the monarchy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the theocracy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, distinguishing the form of leadership and the role of the citizen in terms of voting rights and personal freedoms.

Essential Questions What types of governments are found in the Middle East? What types of governments are found in the Middle East?

ISRAEL Parliamentary democracy Parliamentary democracy People elect representatives from different political parties People elect representatives from different political parties Israeli parliament is called the Knesset Israeli parliament is called the Knesset Most Israelis do not believe laws should be based on religious beliefs, but many Israeli laws are influenced by the Orthodox Jews (about 25% of population) Most Israelis do not believe laws should be based on religious beliefs, but many Israeli laws are influenced by the Orthodox Jews (about 25% of population) All citizens over the age of 18 can vote All citizens over the age of 18 can vote Israeli law and its constitution protect the rights and freedoms of its citizens Israeli law and its constitution protect the rights and freedoms of its citizens Elections are held every 4 years Elections are held every 4 years

SAUDI ARABIA Hereditary monarchy Hereditary monarchy Government is lead by a King who comes from a family that has ruled for several generations Government is lead by a King who comes from a family that has ruled for several generations The King rules until he dies or chooses to give up power The King rules until he dies or chooses to give up power Laws are based on the teaching of the Quran and are called Shariah law Laws are based on the teaching of the Quran and are called Shariah law

SAUDI ARABIA The citizens have very little influence as the ruler makes all the decisions The citizens have very little influence as the ruler makes all the decisions No written constitution. No written constitution. Citizens do NOT choose the king. Citizens do NOT choose the king. No political parties No political parties No national elections No national elections Women cannot vote, and most cannot drive cars or even participate in sports Women cannot vote, and most cannot drive cars or even participate in sports

IRAN Theocracy Theocracy God is seen as the true leader of the government and the country’s religious leaders serve as the political leaders God is seen as the true leader of the government and the country’s religious leaders serve as the political leaders Iran is seen as a theocratic republic because the government is led by both an elected parliament and religious leaders Iran is seen as a theocratic republic because the government is led by both an elected parliament and religious leaders Shia religious leaders are called Ayatollah Shia religious leaders are called Ayatollah

IRAN Iranian citizens over the age of 16 can vote in all elections Iranian citizens over the age of 16 can vote in all elections They can vote for members of the Assembly or the President but NOT for the Supreme Leader. They can vote for members of the Assembly or the President but NOT for the Supreme Leader. Have some rights, but the government sometimes suppresses these rights Have some rights, but the government sometimes suppresses these rights