1. Basic Government Review
Read through these review notes and copy the definitions on your paper 
Study these as we will use them in a quick review this week!

2. Let’s Review Unitary--power is held by one central authority
Confederation--association of independent states that agree to certain limitations on their freedoms by joining together
Federal--power is divided between central authority & several regional authorities

3. Unitary Government
Central Authority
Regional Authority

4. Confederation government
Central Authority
Regional Authority

5. FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
Regional Authority
Central Authority

6. Legislature:
the central authority of a government
Law making body

7. Let’s Review
Autocracy-- 1 person possesses unlimited power & citizens have limited role in government
Oligarchy-- small group exercises control & citizens have limited role in government
Democracy--supreme power is vested in the people & exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation involving free elections

8. Let’s Review
Parliamentary– citizens elect members of Parliament, and then the members select the leader
Leader works with or through the legislature
Presidential--system of government in which the leader is constitutionally independent of the legislature; citizens directly elect leader
Leader works separate from legislature

9. Vocabulary continued…
Head of State (chief of state) HOS – virtually no power, serves more as a figure head
Head of Government (chief of government) HOG – virtually has the most political power and makes the government decisions.

10. Governments in The Middle East
Country
Distribution of Power
Type of Government
Executive Branch
How are leaders chosen?
Legislative Branch
Role of Citizen/Citizen Participation
Israel
Unitary
Parliamentary Democracy
Prime Minister (most power)
President
Prime Minister is usually head of the dominant political party. There are 2 major political parties.
The Knesset is the Parliament. It holds most of the power in the Israeli government.
Israelis that are 18 and older vote for the Knesset’s 120 members (who then chose Prime Minister).
Saudi Arabia
Oligarchy
King
Hereditary; passed down to males in al-Saud family
Consultative Council; 120 members
King chooses 2/3rds of the members
In 2004, the Saudi govt began allowing men who are 21+ to vote for some of their local officials; women cannot vote
Iran
Theocratic Republic
1. Supreme Leader (unlimited power, always an ayatollah)
2. President
The Assembly of Experts chooses the Supreme Leader and he holds the position for life. Present is elected by the people.
Consultative Assembly
Iranian people elect the Assembly of Experts, parliament, and the president by popular vote. Citizens 18+ can vote for the 290 members of the Assembly.

11. Governments in Africa Country Distribution of Power Type of Gov’t
Executive Branch
How are leaders chosen?
Legislative Branch
Role of Citizen/Citizen Participation
Kenya
Unitary
Presidential Democracy
President
Any Kenyan citizen 18 and older can vote
Kenyan National Assembly
Freedoms are written into the constitution, but government is dominated by the president
South Africa
Parliamentary Democracy
1. President
1. Citizens 18 and older vote for members of the National Assembly (parliament)
2. The National assembly selects the president
National Assembly
Freedoms are numerous for South African citizens since the end of apartheid

12. Governments in Southeast Asia
Country
Distribution of Power
Type of Gov’t
Executive Branch
How are leaders chosen?
Legislative Branch
Role of Citizen/Citizen Participation
India
Federal
Parliamentary Democracy
Prime Minister Head of government (most power)
President – head of state (no political power)
Leader of the majority party in Parliament
Elected by parliament
Parliament is the legislative branch – citizens vote for members of parliament
Citizens over 18 can vote – numerous freedoms
Japan
Unitary
Emperor – head of state (no political power)
Prime Minister –Head of govt (most power)
Hereditary; passed down
Japanese Parliament is called the Diet
Citizens over 20 vote – several political freedoms
People’s Republic of China
Oligarchy – communist state
President – head of state (NO POWER)
Premier –head of govt (most power)
Only 1 political party – the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
Elections take place, but candidates must be approved by CCP
National People’s Congress –members are chosen by government
Over 18 can vote, but only vote for people approved by CCP.