1. Governments of the World

2. What is “government” anyway? The people and groups of people that have the power to make the laws and see that they are obeyed.

3. What are the major types of government? Communist Federal Republic Democracy Dictatorship Theocracy Totalitarian Constitutional Monarchy Parliamentary Presidential

4. Communist A system of government in which the state controls the economy and a single party, usually authoritarian, holds all the power. Head is usually a dictator Citizens have no rights or voice in government…sometimes even told where to work and how much to get paid Communist economic system Examples…Vietnam

5. Federal Republic A form of government in which people rule through elected representatives Citizens have a very active role in government … through elections, help make governmental decisions Mixed economy (please change this) Examples: US

6. Democracy A government that receives its power from the people Citizens have a very active role in the government… through elections help make governmental decisions Mixed economy Examples: Federal Republic, Parliamentary. Presidential

7. Two Kinds of Democracy Direct-where each person has one vote-majority wins. Indirect-people vote-but choose representatives to carry out their wishes.

8. Two forms of democracy Parliamentary The head of the government is the leader of the legislature – usually called the Prime Minister Parliament is led by representatives of the people Has ceremonial president People vote – lots of citizen participation Example: Israel Presidential Leader is an elected president – chosen in a separate election from the legislature

9. Dictatorship A form of government in which absolute power is controlled by a dictator Dictator is NOT restricted by laws Head – dictator – can be elected then become a dictator OR head of military force that takes over government Citizens may or may not enjoy a few rights, but have no voice in government Command economy Example … North Korea

10. Dictatorship, Totalitarian and Communism These types of governments are nearly the same. There are few differences. They are led by a dictator People have few rights Command economic system

11. Totalitarian Country with only one political party Citizens are forced to do what the government tells them to do Often cannot even leave the country without government’s permission! Example – North Korea

12. Theocracy A government ruled by a religious leader Head – ayatollah – by attaining a congregation of followers Citizens enjoy rights and can vote Mixed economy Example … Iran

13. Monarchy Absolute Monarchy A government in which the royal ruler has total control Head – the king or queen – usually hereditary (next in line) Citizens enjoy many rights, such as where to work Mixed economy Example…Saudi Arabia (very rare to have an absolute monarchy today) Constitutional Monarchy A system of government in which the power is shared between the monarchy and an elected branch of government. Head of government is usually the head of the elected branch…usually the monarch serves a more symbolic role Citizens have rights and can vote Market or mixed economy Example … England

14. Your turn … Working with a partner, look at the various scenarios and determine which type of government would apply to the situation.

15. Scenarios … 1. A religious group overthrows the government. They create a new government that claims their right to authority comes from God. 2. After a civil war, an individual takes total control of the government; she has no experience in leading a government. She disbands the national congress and retains all power in government to herself. 3. The new President elect wins the election by a landslide. Over 90% of the citizens vote for the new leader. 4. The new Prime Minister wins election narrowly due to his political party barely gaining enough seats in Parliament.

16. How is power distributed within the various types of government? Unitary Central government possess MOST authority / decision making powers Example – South Africa, Sierra Leon, Rwanda Confederation Local government possess power / authority / decision making powers Example – US PRIOR to Constitution – under the Articles of Confederation Federal Power split between federal and local governments in authority / decision making powers Example - US

18. Distribution of Power Ned has sole authority over Todd & Rod Unitary Confederation Marge and Homer work together to make family decisions. Federal –government in layers. Local, county, state and then the TOP!

19. What is the citizen’s role in various governments? Autocratic In government – one person possess unlimited power Citizen has little – if any – role in government Examples Dictatorship Absolute monarchy Oligarchic Government – by very few – small group who govern – usually for selfish and corrupt reasons Citizens – have very little, if any, role Very rare – because usually one person will assume control and then becomes autocratic Democratic Government – elected by the people Citizens have very active role – elect representatives Examples Republic Democracy USA