Baltimore Polytechnic Institute March 17, 2011 U.S. History Mr. Green

The students will describe the governments that took power in Russia, Italy, Germany, and Japan after WWI Announcement: Chapter 16 Test Thursday March 24 Drill: Read “Failures of the World War I Peace Settlement” on and answer the following: 1. Why did the Germans dislike the Treaty of Versailles? 2. What happened to the democratic governments created by the treaty?

Nationalism Threatens Europe and Asia Germany hated the “war guilt” clause and reparations lost territory that was German Soviets (USSR) upset over losing territory Many newly formed democracies collapsed and dictators took control Joseph Stalin transforms the Soviet Union Stalin did anything to build communist Russia Ordered collectivization in 1927 Initiated 5 year plans to modernize Russia’s economy

Turned Russia (Soviet Union) into a police state Dissenters/protesters shipped to Siberia Stalin created a totalitarian government Rise of Fascism in Italy Mussolini led Italy toward fascism Strong central government, rooted in nationalism Anti-communists supported the fascists in Italy Nazis Take over in Germany National Socialist German Workers’ Party Mein Kampf Aryan Race Nationalism National expansion-lebensraum

Militarists Gain Control in Japan Japan needed more living space Invaded Manchuria in 1931 League of Nations investigated and Japan quit the league Military leader took control of Japan Aggression in Europe Germany leaves League in 1933 German military buildup in troops to Rhineland Rome-Berlin Axis Pact Italy attacked Ethiopia which fell in 1936

Clinging to Isolationism Nye hearing documented profits by American companies during WWI Roosevelt pursued isolationist policies Neutrality Acts of 1935 outlawed arms sales/loans to nations at war or civil war Neutrality Breaks Down 3,000 go to fight Hitler and Franco in Spain Franco triumphs and Spain is totalitarian, with help from Germany and Italy Japan attacked China in 1937-U.S. sent arms anyway

List the main ambitions of each dictator from Italy, Germany and the Soviet Union

1. Read Chapter 16 Section Chapter 16 Vocabulary 3. Prepare for a Chapter 16.1 quiz