1. DICTATORS THREATEN WORLD PEACE

2. Joseph “man of steel” Stalin and the Soviet Union succeeded Vladimir Lenin as leader of USSR in 1924 communism revolves around the people and common ownership moved country from agricultural state to 2nd largest industrial power (1937) –human costs were tremendous; 8 to 13 million people killed –totalitarian state

4. Benito “Il Duce” Mussolini and Italy comes to power in 1922 –unemployment and inflation –threat of communism fascism stresses nationalism and places interests of state above people totalitarian state

6. Adolf “der Fuhrer” Hitler and Germany joins National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi Party) in 1919 Mein Kampf –fascism with extreme nationalism –racism purification Aryans Jews, nonwhites, Slavs

8. Adolf “der Fuhrer” Hitler Contd. lebensraum or living space for German people appointed chancellor of Germany in 1933 –economic depression totalitarian state

10. Hirohito, Tojo, and Japan military control of imperialist government –Emperor Hirohito –General Hideki Tojo expansion into Pacific –living space and raw materials –cultural and racial supremacy

12. Aggression around the World

13. Japan –takes over Chinese-controlled Manchuria (1931) –withdraws from League of Nations

14. Germany –begins military buildup in violation of Treaty of Versailles (1935) –German troops enter Rhineland violating Treaty of Versailles –Germany withdraws from League of Nations

15. Italy –Ethiopia falls to Italy (1936) –“It is us today. It will be you tomorrow” Francisco Franco and Spain –Civil War in Spain –Franco supported by fellow fascists Hitler and Mussolini –Franco becomes fascist leader of Spain (1939)