The Formation of Western Europe Chapter 14-Sections 3-4 Cliff’s Notes Version
Section 3-England and France Develop
England Absorbs Waves of Invaders Early Invasions- –During the 800’s England was invaded by Danish Vikings –United kingdom’s began to unite and started calling England “Land of the Angels”
England’s Evolving Government England’s New Goals –1st- Keep and gain more French land –2nd- Strengthen their power over Nobles and the Church Magna Carta- –“Great Document” that granted certain political rights –No taxation without representation, trial by jury, protection of the law
England France England and France (Yes England is an island)
France Becomes a Separate Kingdom Estates General- –The assembling of the Third Estate in which commoners, wealthy landholders and Philip assembled a council Helped increase royal power over nobility Failed to limit the power of the king Beginnings of democracy in England and France
Section 4-The Hundred Years’ War and the Plague
The Bubonic Plague Strikes The Bubonic Plague- A deadly epidemic (disease) that killed about 1/3rd of Europe –Origins and Impact of the Plague- Began in Asia and received its name the Black Death from the purplish black bumps on the skin Took four years to cross Europe Millions who caught it died Flees came to Europe from India riding the backs of rats
The Bubonic Plague Strikes Effects of the Plague- –Population declined –Trade declined –Serfs left to find a better living –Jews were blamed for the plague –Church lost prestige when their prayers failed to stop the plague
The Hundreds Year War The Hundreds Year War- –Conflict launched by Edward III in 1337 A.D. to capture the French throne. These battles were fought off and on until –French pushed the English out of France –The Hundred Years’ War changed European warfare Longbow allowed for thousands of arrows to be rained down upon the French by archers
The Hundreds Year War Impact of the Hundreds’ Year War- –Feeling of nationalism emerges in England and France –Power of the French Monarchy increases –End of the Hundreds’ Year War = the End of the Middle Ages b/c religious devotion and code of chivalry crumbled
The Hundreds Year War Joan of Arc- –1429- Joan a young peasant girl felt a call from God to rescue France from English conquerors Led them to victory in the battle near Orleans –Charles VII was crowned king Did nothing to save her –She was captured and burned as a witch