1. BLACK DEATH Change for Europe

2. Setting the Stage Europe had been growing from 1100-1300 Farming (agriculture) had expanded –Horses, field rotation Trade and towns had grown –Population had increased Kings power had increased –Brought order and security

3. Feudal System-Everyone Wants to be King Based on obligations Lord owns land Gives land (fief) to vassal Vassal gives lord military protection and other services Pyramid pg. 324 King, nobles and bishops, knights, peasants

4. Social Classes Determined by birth Nobles and Knights Men and women of the Church Peasants Serfs- peasants bound to the land –Responsible for wealth by labor –Hard life –Accepted because told to

5. Problems starting in 1300s Advancements in farming end Food shortages and famine Nobility make less money from peasants so turn to plunder and warfare

6. Bubonic Plague Kills 1/3 of Europe Began in Asia (Mongolia) infected Asia and Muslim Empire 1347 arrives in Sicily on merchant ship First hit Italy Quickly spread throughout Europe –4 years to reach almost everywhere Divided society

7. Plague Facts Black rats carried fleas that had the disease Painful swellings called buboes –Common in armpits and groin Purplish or black spots on skin High fever, chills, delirium 75% of those infected died

8. Scared blame someone and find new answers Black magic and witchcraft find more followers Blame Jews –Said to poison the wells Jews sometimes massacred Plague returned every few years –Nothing like first outbreak 1347-51

9. Effects Killed 20-25 million Europeans Town populations fell Trade decreased and prices rose Rising wages caused by less labor Can you breath good I’ll HIRE YOU –Serfs left in hopes of better life Nobles resist and face peasant revolts –Violently put down

10. Church loses face When prayers and penances do not work Clergy leave or charge a lot for services on dying

11. Hundred Years’ War Highlights England’s Edward III (grandson of Philip IV) claim French throne War last 1337-1453 Fought in France 3 battles English out numbered and win Why? Longbow vs Knight Longbow win

12. Joan of Arc Peasant girl God talks to her Ends siege of Orleans Heroic charge of fort Gets Charles VII crowned King of France Captured and English give to church Reward –Burned as heretic/witch May 30 1431

13. Impact Rise of nationalism Enhance monarchs Strengthen English parliament Chivalry not useful