Canada

Profile Capital: Ottawa Capital: Ottawa Population:32.8 million Population:32.8 million Area: 2 nd largest country in the world Area: 2 nd largest country in the world 10 Provinces, 3 Territories 10 Provinces, 3 Territories

Info Per Capita: $29,800 Per Capita: $29,800 Literacy Rate: 97% Literacy Rate: 97% Unemployment Rate: 7.8% Unemployment Rate: 7.8% Religion: Catholic: 42%, Protestant: 40%, Other: 18% Religion: Catholic: 42%, Protestant: 40%, Other: 18%

Language English* 59% English* 59% French* 23% French* 23% Other18% Other18% *=official languages

Natural Resources Fishing Fishing Lumber Lumber Minerals Minerals Petroleum Petroleum

History Native Americans across Canada Native Americans across Canada Vikings were first Europeans Vikings were first Europeans 1600s: French settled St. Lawrence region 1600s: French settled St. Lawrence region 1700s: British took over Nova Scotia; rest of Canada 1700s: British took over Nova Scotia; rest of Canada Divided into provinces Divided into provinces

History 1867 British North America Act 1867 British North America Act self governing self governing

Government Parliament and Prime Minister Parliament and Prime Minister Each province has own parliamentary head Each province has own parliamentary head

The Crown Strong ties to England Strong ties to England Queen Elizabeth II Queen Elizabeth II Some colonists left to Canada after Revolution to stay under British rule Some colonists left to Canada after Revolution to stay under British rule

Canadian Regions

Maritime/Atlantic Provinces Maritime/Atlantic Provinces Hinterland: far away from major pop. centers Hinterland: far away from major pop. centers

New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Islands, Newfoundland New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Islands, Newfoundland

Atlantic Provinces Poorest, lowest standard of living Poorest, lowest standard of living No farming No farming Long cold winters Long cold winters Resources depleted Resources depleted Fishing important Fishing important Minerals, oil discovered Minerals, oil discovered High Unemployment High Unemployment

Heartland Provinces Quebec, Ontario Quebec, Ontario ¼ of Canadians live in Quebec ¼ of Canadians live in Quebec Quebec City: Provincial Capitol Quebec City: Provincial Capitol Montreal: Largest City Montreal: Largest City

Culture Quebec Quebec 90% of Canadians in Quebec speak French as 1 st language 90% of Canadians in Quebec speak French as 1 st language Majority Roman Catholic Majority Roman Catholic Quebecois- French Canadians Quebecois- French Canadians Cultural independence from Canada Cultural independence from Canada Ontario reflects British heritage Ontario reflects British heritage Customs in Toronto Customs in Toronto Ottawa- Canada’s Capitol Ottawa- Canada’s Capitol Bilingual Bilingual

S. Ontario and S. Quebec most densely settled and economically developed S. Ontario and S. Quebec most densely settled and economically developed

Megalopolis Montreal, Toronto, Ottawa, Quebec City- belt of cities Montreal, Toronto, Ottawa, Quebec City- belt of cities

Prairie Provinces Prairie Provinces

Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta Railroads Railroads Thinly populated Thinly populated Wheat is major crop Wheat is major crop Potash, Fossil Fuels Potash, Fossil Fuels

British Colombia Vancouver: 3 rd largest city Vancouver: 3 rd largest city Salmon fishing, Forests, Fruits, Vegetables, Dairy Salmon fishing, Forests, Fruits, Vegetables, Dairy

Canadian North Canadian North

North Yukon, NW, Nunavut Yukon, NW, Nunavut 1/3 of area, but 80,000 people 1/3 of area, but 80,000 people

North Inuit and Canadian Indians-Indigenous hunting and gathering Inuit and Canadian Indians-Indigenous hunting and gathering Whitehorse and Yellowknife- classic frontier towns Whitehorse and Yellowknife- classic frontier towns Technology less remote Technology less remote Severe Climate Severe Climate Metals, diamonds, fossil fuels Metals, diamonds, fossil fuels Freshwater supply Freshwater supply Northwest Passage Northwest Passage