1. CANADA’S HISTORY

2. I. Early Settlement Vikings
Leif Eriksson leads expedition to Newfoundland.
1497 John Cabot lands there
B. First ones
Inuit's (Eskimos) are the first to settle.
16th and 17th century, French claimed most of Canada.
French Indian War-English take control- French settlers decided to stay.

3. II. Unity 2 Cultures- Roman Catholic French and Protestant English.
1791- British Gov. dealt with conflict.
Upper Canada created (Ontario) for English-speaking majority.
Lower Canada- along St. Lawrence River-French. (Quebec)

4. C. Dominion of Canada
Quebec City, Montreal, Toronto, became major cities in Canada.
Railways and canals built.
Political and Ethnic disputes lead to British North America Act in 1867-Creation of Dominion of Canada.
Ottawa becomes the capital.
1869 gained Rupert’s Land and in 1871 Manitoba, British Columbia, and Prince Edward Island added. Others came later.

5. III. Continental Expansion and Development
Building
1872- beginning transcontinental railroad.
1885-main line complete Montreal to Vancouver.
Gold found in the Yukon territory- led to more immigration.

6. B. Urban and Industrial Growth
1. Early on, most engaged in farming. 2. Population growth and natural resources led to a more urban growth 3. Most growth took place within a 100 miles of U.S. border-climate was warmer, land more productive, and better transportation.

7. IV. Governing Canada 1931 Recognized as an independent nation.
Canada has a parliamentary government- legislature and executive functions are combined in legislature called a parliament.
Central gov. and small provincial and territorial governments govern Canada.
British monarch is still symbolic head of state.
Parliament
Consists of appointed Senate and elected House of Commons.
Majority party’s leader in Parliament becomes Prime Minister or head of Gov.
Each province has its own legislature and premier (prime minister).