 Clinical Psychologists – treat people w psychological problems (anxiety, schizophrenia)  Counseling Psychologists – counsel people with adjustment problems  School Psychologists – identify and help people with learning disabilities (individual students)  Educational Psychologists – similar but work on school-wide curriculum  Developmental Psychologists - changes people undergo (physical, emotional, cognitive, social)

 Personality Psychologists – study personality traits  Social Psychologists – study social interactions  Experimental Psychologists – focus on linking physical (biological) responses with psychological responses

 I deal with patients who struggle with anxiety and aggression.  If people are having problems with drug abuse, they would come and see me.  It is suspected that tainted water may be affecting healthy birth-rates in a specific part of a community. They would call in me to help identify and fix the problem.  This type of psychologist would be interested in linking a the body’s reaction to hunger with the brain’s reaction to hunger.

 You’re under a lot of stress at work which may be leading to the consistent headaches that you are experiencing. You would want to see a ________________ psychologist.  I am doing an experiment at a local bar to observe how men and women interact. What type of psychologist am I?  I am designing a new curriculum that will help students become more engaged in learning chemistry. What is my field of expertise?  I work with students with specific learning disabilities. What is my area of expertise?

 What human behaviors would you most like to know about?  Ex. How do children earn right from wrong?

 Explain the historical background of the study of psychology.

 Using your book or the internet  Prepare a 4-5 slide presentation that will teach the rest of the class about the psychologist that you are assigned.  Include major achievements or theory associated with your psychologist.  Save in apps folder PSYCH- LYON  Seth- Wihelm Wundt  Nicole– William James  Beth—Alfred Adler  Marshall– John B. Watson  John—B.F. Skinner  Bobby Jo—Sigmund Freud

 Introspection – looking within  Associationism – associating two ideas or events  Structuralism – psychology that focuses on the basic elements of consciousness.  Focus on introspection  Functionalism – studying how mental processes help organisms adapt to their environment  Focus on behavioral observation and introspection

 Structuralism – experiences are based on:  1) objective observations  2) subjective feelings  Rely on INTROSPECTION

 Functionalism  Focuses on how the brain works to perceive its environment  Introspection and observation  Attempts to address the purposes of mental processes

 Behaviorism  The idea that an outside mental process cannot be studied  Observing behavior is the only scientific way to study mental processes

 Reinforcement  Behavior can be reinforced through a system of rewards  Operant Conditioning – a mind learns by “operating” on its environment

 Self Awareness  The mind is naturally self aware of its functions and obstacles to learning  Inferiority Complex  The belief that fear of failure motivates one to succeed

 Psychoanalysis  The brain is motivated by things in the subconscious  All thoughts and actions are significant and reflect some level of reality or consciousness Psychoanalysis – emphasizes the importance of unconscious motives in determining human behavior Psychodynamic thinking – most brain activity is uncounscious

 Gestalt School of Thought (whole figure)  Things cannot be broken into structural elements to be understood  People perceive sights and sounds as organized “wholes” or GROUPS  Everything associated with an object is as important as that object

 Biological Perspective  Evolutionary Perspective  Cognitive Perspective  Humanistic Perspective  Psychoanalytic Perspective  Learning Perspective  Social-learning theory  ethnic group