ASSUMPTIONS MADE BY THE BEHAVIOURAL (A PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL) ABOUT PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SUMMARY: THE BEHAVIOURAL MODEL CONSIDERS ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AND.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Introduction to Psychology

Advertisements

What increases obedience? Setting Culture Power to punish Consensus Authoritarian personality Uniform.

The Behaviourist approach Behaviourist Approach (AO1) MUS T Name and outline: 1.Classical Conditioning 2.Operant Conditioning 3. Social Learning Theory.

Behaviorism & Behaviorist EDT 610 Instructional Design : Theories & Models Presented By: Latressia Barnett.

Wade and Tavris © 2005 Prentice Hall 9-1 Invitation To Psychology Carol Wade and Carol Tavris PowerPoint Presentation by H. Lynn Bradman Metropolitan Community.

Recapping the behaviourist principles.

Phobia – Psychological Theories Phobias are acquired through learning from the environment –Classical conditioning –Operant conditioning –Social learning.

The Behaviourist Perspective This perspective seeks to understand human behaviour in terms of what has been learnt. They study behaviour. They assume that.

Classical Conditioning & Determinism vs. Free Will

I. What is learning? chapter 9. Definitions Learning A relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience [p300] Classical conditioning— learning.

Core Study: Watson and Rayner (1920) Little Albert BATs Outline and evaluate Watson and Rayner’s experiment to induce a phobia in a young child (C+) Hand.

Explanations of dysfunctional behaviour G543. Different approaches have different assumptions about db –Behavioural  Db is learnt by conditioning or.

Learning to be scared? Aisha Merrick. Behaviourism The behaviourist perspective looks at how we learn behaviour, whether that be due to classical conditioning.

Unit 2 The Learning approach Study in Detail Watson & Raynor (1920)

The Learning Approach’s explanation for anorexia Keep in mind that 90% of cases are female between years Rarely begins before puberty DSM-IV states.

LEARNING HOW DO YOU LEARN BEST??. Ivan Pavlov and the role of Serendipity Russian physiologist studying the digestive system Focusing on what substance.

Behavioral Theories of Learning. Behavioral Learning Theory O Behavioral learning theory- focus on the ways in which pleasurable or unpleasant consequences.

What Sort of Psychologist Are You? The Different Approaches in Psychology.

Approaches to Learning

Famous Psychology Experiments

1 Famous Psychology Experiments. 2 Ivan Pavlov Classical Conditioning Experiments on dogs Smarty Pants: Nobel Prize Dog.

1 Famous Psychology Experiments. 2 Ivan Pavlov Classical Conditioning Experiments on dogs Smarty Pants: Nobel Prize Dog.

Chapter 6: Learning Music: “Live and Learn” by the Cardigans “Learn to Fly” by the Foo Fighters.

Chapter 6: Learning Music: “Superstitious” Steve Wonder “Live and Learn” Cardigans.

Behavioral Approach. Assumptions of Behaviorism All species of animals learn in similar (equal ways with the same guiding principles All species of animals.

Learning Classical Conditioning Classical Conditioning in Real Life Operant Conditioning Operant Conditioning in Real Life Social-Cognitive Learning Theories.

Eating Disorders Behavioural explanation –Psychological disorders are the result of abnormal learning experiences –Eating disorders are a set of learned.

Learning. This is happening when you respond to a second stimulus that is similar to a conditioned stimulus without additional training Generalization.

Classical conditioning Video clips 609/ 609/ 2 and a half men.

Chapter 6 Learning.

 Learning is acquiring new or modifying existing knowledge, behaviors, skills, values or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of.

Little Emotional Albert Rachel Walterman, Jamie Clay, Jess Schweer, Candace Cornick.

Learning How learning occurs through reinforcement and conditioning.

The Behaviourist model and Treatments. The Behavioural Model Basic Philosophy: That which has been learned can be unlearned. Learning occurring through.

LEARNING  a relatively permanent change in behavior as the result of an experience.  essential process enabling animals and humans to adapt to their.

The Learning Approach (Behaviourism). Watson ( ) "Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up and.

General Psychology (PY110) Chapter 4 Learning. Learning Learning is a relatively permanent change or modification in behavior due to experience or training.

Principles of Learning. “ Give me a dozen healthy infants, allow me to control the environment, and I can make them into anything I want.”

Knowledge acquired in this way.

Unit 5: Learning (Behaviorism)

Chapter 6: Learning Music: “Another Brick in the Wall” Pink Floyd “Learn to Fly” Foo Fighters.

Principles of Learning

Behavioral Theories. John Watson O Father of American behavioral psychology O Believed that children are passive, and can be molded by conditioning (nurture.

©2002 Prentice Hall Learning. ©2002 Prentice Hall Learning Classical Conditioning Classical Conditioning in Real Life Operant Conditioning Operant Conditioning.

A philosopher John Locke wrote ‘at birth the human mind is a tabula rasa [blank slate] upon which experience writes. This is the behaviourist approach.

Paper 2 revision session 4 Explaining psychopathological disorders (OCD, depression, phobias)

Unit 2: Classical Conditioning.  Behaviour is acquired by learning experiences  Theorist examine how we acquire behaviour and study the mechanisms that.

The Behavioural Approach to Explaining Phobias

Psychological approaches to psychopathology - Behavioural

Approaches to Learning

Learning theory and attachment

Classical Conditioning

Social learning theory

Behavioural explanation for the acquisition of phobias

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

Explaining abnormality

Jeopardy Mixed 1 Final Jeopardy Operant Learning Classical

Behavioural explanation for the acquisition of phobias

Case Study: The Little Albert Experiment

Behaviorism Ms.Carmelitano.

Explanations and treatments

Behavioural explanation for the acquisition of phobias

Objectives To be able to describe the Two process theory of Phobias.

The Behavioural Model Main assumptions:

Ch. 7: Principles of Learning

Behavioural explanation for the acquisition of phobias

Behaviorism Theory Overview Theorists Famous Experiments

Learning Psychology Unit 3.

Presentation transcript:

ASSUMPTIONS MADE BY THE BEHAVIOURAL (A PSYCHOLOGICAL MODEL) ABOUT PSYCHOPATHOLOGY SUMMARY: THE BEHAVIOURAL MODEL CONSIDERS ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AND BELIEVES ALL BEHAVIOUR INCLUDING ABNORMAL BEHAVIOUR IS A RESULT OF LEARNT EXPERIENCES. ACCORDING TO THE MODEL THIS FAULTY “LEARNING” HAPPENS IN THREE WAYS; CLASSICAL CONDITIONING, OPERANT CONDITIONING AND SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY.

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING Classical conditioning can explain how phobias develop. The neutral stimulus that produces no fear in a person e.g. a dog, is paired with an unconditioned stimulus – something that automatically produces fear, such as a loud noise or barking for young children. This pairing or association turn the neutral stimulus into a conditioned stimulus

OPERANT CONDITIONING Operant conditioning can explain how phobias are maintained because when negative reinforcement occurs, something that is unpleasant is removed. So, fear of dogs is the unpleasant thing; avoiding dogs is negatively reinforcing because the individual does not have to face the fearful object too closely, so their fear level is reduced but their phobia is maintained.

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY- LEARNING THROUGH OBSERVATION Modelling- This is when an individual copies another’s behaviour (often if they are a role model). For instance some psychologists believe phobias are a result of young children copying their parent’s fear of, e.g. pigeons. Vicarious reinforcement- This is when an individual observes somebody receiving reinforcement for a behaviour and so they imitate it in order to try and get that reward themselves. This is used in an explanation of anorexia nervosa

How could you test these assumptions? What problems would exist with testing these assumptions?

MATCH THE EVIDENCE TO THE ASSUMPTION Mineka et al (1984) monkeys developed a snake phobia simply by observing another monkey experience fear in the presence of another snake. Watson and Rayner (1920) conditioned Little Albert (a small boy) – all small children are scared of loud noise. Noise was repeatedly paired with a white rat – eventually Little Albert was scared of the white rat because he had learnt to associate the rat with the noise. DiNardo et al (1988) found that many people had fearful experiences with dogs but did not go on to develop dog phobias, although 50% of dog phobics had a fearful encounter with a dog.