Goal 11Part 7 Social Movements

Latino Civil Rights Movement Cesar Chavez  Migrant farm worker, political and civil rights activist  Organized UFWOC United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC)  union for Spanish speaking Californians  organized a NATIONWIDE boycott of CALIFORNIAN companies’ grapes  Nonviolence La Raza Unida – separate Latino political movement

A.I.M. – dissatisfied with the slow pace of reform Often “militant” Native American rights organization Legacy:  Native Americans won more rights to “CONTROL THEIR OWN LAND” - Restoration of tribal land - Staged a “Trail of Broken Treaties March”

Women’s Movement Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan  “FEMINISM” – the belief that women should have economic, political, and social equality with men!  Feminist Movement = 1960s Gloria Steinem – political, feminist activist (urged women to join political office in America) “Each suburban wife struggles with it alone. As she made the beds, shopped for groceries, matched slipcover material, ate peanut butter sandwiches with her children, chauffeured Cub Scouts and Brownies, lay beside her husband at night- she was afraid to ask even of herself the silent question-- 'Is this all?” ― Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique

N.O.W. & the E.E.O.C Civil Rights Act of ’64 - no discrimination based on gender – helped women’s movement What is going to handle claims of discrimination?  Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)…problem = didn’t address women’s claims equally so…..Betty Freidan and others form the  National Organization for Women (NOW) – to serve women’s goals

Roe V. Wade (1973) Outcome: Women DO have the right to choose to have an “ ABORTION ” Legacy: still divides American today

Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) Congress passed in 1972 Cause:  ERA argued that men and women deserve the same protection under the law (14 th Amend.)  “Simple Justice” Result: NEW RIGHT  Stop –ERA Campaign - “NEW RIGHT” Leader: Phyllis Schlafley – ANTI – Feminist (conservative) HATED the ERA  ERA needs 38 states to be ratified and part of the Constitution

New Right / Stop-ERA Campaign A Conservative-built movement for the 1970s Main opponent = Equal Rights Amendment Overall result: ERA gets 35 of 38 states to ratify the idea – deadline comes and the E.R.A IS NEVER RATIFIED!!!!!! The New Right WINS

Title IX Equal Opportunity Act of 1972  A ban on gender discrimination in all school-related programs receiving federal funding

Counterculture (HIPPIES ) Counterculture – a youth movement made up of mostly white, middle-class college kids Attempts: to try to build a “separate society” from mainstream America Reason for decline: MAINSTREAM AMERICA REJECTED THEM~

Hippie Capital of America HAIGHT – ASHBURY (San Francisco)

A Changing Culture Art = Andy Warhol (pop artist) Rock Music = English Rock band that took over America (Beatlemania)

WOODSTOCK 1969 Concert – Music and Art Festival - music’s most popular bands at the time performed on a farm in upstate New York

Main opponent of the Hippie Movement (Counter Culture) Conservatives!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Biggest conservative in America - Richard Nixon - Loved traditional values and hated threats of new ideas and CHANGE - (Mainstream America)