Baltimore Polytechnic Institute November 16, 2010 U.S. History Mr. Green

1. Which of the following is true of the Chinese Exclusion Act? A. It decreased Chinese immigration B. It resulted in segregated classrooms C. It was agreed to by China and the United States D. It prohibited Chinese Americans from working in industrial jobs 2. The row house was a new type of housing that conserved space by A. Rising ten or more stories high B. Including and indented middle section C. Sharing side walls with other buildings D. Being built around a park shared with other buildings 3. The main purpose of the dumbbell tenement was to A. Improve slum conditions B. Integrate lower class neighborhoods C. Lessen the power of political machines D. Provide single-family homes for the middle class 4. Settlement houses were founded in the late 1800’s by A. Social reformers B. New immigrants C. Political machines D. Industrial workers 5. Through which place did immigrants arriving on the West Coast pass before gaining entry into the United States? A. Ellis Island B. Angel Island C. Southwest D. Southeast

The students will describe the movement of immigrants to cities and the opportunities they found by explaining the decisions cities made to cope with the population increase Hand-in: Yesterday’s class-work with homework Warm-up Question: Examine the photos on pages 282, 285, & 286 and answer the following 1. What problems of urban life are shown in the photo on page 282? 2. What other problems might result from the situation shown in the photo on page 285?

Urban Opportunities Urbanization-immigrants settle in cities cheapest/convenient place to live unskilled laborers steady mill jobs/factories Americanization movement teach immigrants English, social etiquette, cooking, American History/Government Country to City Farming technology forced many off the land African-Americans forced off and moved to northern cities in search of jobs Cultural opportunities helped ease the pain of hard life in the cities

Housing Row Houses Dumbbell tenements-became the worst place to live Transportation Electric streetcars Underground subway-Boston the 1 st in 1897 needed to get laborers to work Water many cities did not have a water system New York/Cleveland –public water works chlorination/filtration-slow to spread cholera/typhoid fever

Sanitation Horse manure piled up Open sewer lines Sewer lines implemented by 1900, but rudimentary Fire Enemy of the city No water to combat fire Wooden structures –candles/kerosene Chicago fire of1871 San Francisco earthquake/fire 1906 Baltimore fire of 1904 Fire companies fought over territory/hose opening different in various cities Crime Pickpockets, thieves took advantage of immigrants New York City-1 st paid, full-time, salaried police force in 1844

Social Gospel Movement Salvation through service to the poor Settlement House Movement Community centers in slum neighborhoods Middle-class, college educated women Jane Addams-Chicago Hull House in 1889 Janie Porter Barrett-1 st African-American Settlement house in Hampton, Va

The PeopleWhy was each group drawn to cities in the Northeast and Midwest? 1.Immigrants 2.Farmers 3. African - Americans The ProblemsWhat was done in response to each problem? 1. Lack of Housing and open areas of land 2. Lack of safe and efficient transportation 3.Unsafe drinking water 4. Lack of sanitation 5. Fire Hazards 6. Crime

Explain the role of government and individual reformers in changing the living conditions in American’s cities in the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries.

 Read Chapter 7 Section  Hand-in Chapter 7 Vocabulary  Prepare for Chapter 7 test on Friday.