1. Immigrants and Urbanization Test Study Guide
The Test is on Wednesday!!!

2. What I Know!
Angel Island

3. What I Need to Know!
Inspection station for immigrants arriving on the West Coast
Asian immigrants came through here
Located in San Francisco
The inspection process here was more difficult than on Ellis Island

4. What I Know!
Ellis Island

5. What I Need to Know!
Inspection station for immigrants arriving on the East Coast
European immigrants came through here
Located in New York Harbor
Inspectors decided whether the immigrants could enter the U.S. or had to return to their country
Sick immigrants were turned away

6. What I Know!
Chinese Exclusion Act

7. What I Need To Know! An act that limited/decreased Chinese immigration
This Act was due to:
the prejudice against Asians --- which was primarily directed towards the Chinese
Americans fearing that they would lose their jobs to Chinese immigrants because they were willing to work for low wages

8. Americanization Movement
What I Know!
Americanization Movement

9. What I Need To Know!
Education program designed to help immigrants assimilate to American culture and learn about the country
Schools and voluntary associations provided programs to teach immigrant skills needed for citizenship (English literacy, U.S. History, Government, cooking, social etiquette)

10. What I Know!
Settlement Houses

11. What I Need To Know!
Community center that addressed problems in slum neighborhoods
They provided help and friendship to immigrants and the poor
Run by middle-class, college-educated women (social reformers)
Offered schooling and nursing
Jane Addams established the Hull House

12. What I Know!
Pendleton Service Act

13. What I Need To Know!
Implemented merit system in civil service hiring based on the candidates’ performance on an examination

14. What I Know!
Tammany Hall

15. What I Need To Know!
New York City’s powerful Democratic political machine
William M. Tweed (Boss Tweed) was the head of Tammany Hall --- led corrupt politicians

16. What I Know!
Old vs. New Immigrants

17. What I Need To Know! Old Immigrants New Immigrants Arrived before 1880
Came from Northern and Western Europe
Were mainly Protestant Christians
Were culturally similar to the original American settlers
Settled both in cities and in rural areas
Arrived
Came from Southern and Eastern Europe
Were mainly Catholics, Jews, or Orthodox Christians
Were often culturally different from the original American settlers
Generally settled in cities

18. Key Terms
Graft: the illegal use of political influence for personal gain
Patronage: the giving of government jobs to people who had helped a candidate get elected
Social Gospel Movement: Movement that urged people to help the poor
Spoils system: giving government jobs to people who helped a candidate get elected
Political machine: a group that controlled a political party